Table 2. Association between current NSAID use and 30-day mortality, hospitalization, ICU admission, mechanical ventilation, and renal replacement therapy in unmatched and propensity-score-matched cohorts.
| Outcome | NSAID users | Non-users | Comparison | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of events/sample size | Risk (%) (95% CI) | Number of events/sample size | Risk (%) (95% CI) | Risk difference (%) (95% CI) | p-Value | Risk ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Unmatched cohort | ||||||||
| Death | 14/248 | 5.6 (2.8, 8.5) | 521/8,988 | 5.8 (5.3, 6.3) | −0.2 (−3.1, 2.8) | 0.92 | 0.97 (0.58, 1.63) | 0.92 |
| Hospitalization* | 56/228 | 24.6 (19.0, 30.2) | 1,456/8,414 | 17.3 (16.5, 18.1) | 7.3 (1.6, 12.9) | 0.01 | 1.42 (1.13, 1.79) | <0.01 |
| ICU admission* | 11/247 | 4.5 (1.9, 7.0) | 279/8,956 | 3.1 (2.8, 3.5) | 1.3 (−1.3, 3.9) | 0.31 | 1.43 (0.79, 2.58) | 0.23 |
| Mechanical ventilation* | 10/248 | 4.0 (1.6, 6.5) | 225/8,970 | 2.5 (2.2, 2.8) | 1.5 (−0.9, 4.0) | 0.23 | 1.61 (0.86, 2.99) | 0.13 |
| Renal replacement therapy* | n < 5/248 | —** | —** | —** | 0.6 (−0.8, 1.9) | 0.42 | 1.87 (0.59, 5.94) | 0.29 |
| Matched cohort | ||||||||
| Death | 14/224 | 6.3 (3.1, 9.4) | 55/896 | 6.1 (4.4, 7.8) | 0.1 (−3.5, 3.7) | 0.95 | 1.02 (0.57, 1.82) | 0.95 |
| Hospitalization* | 50/204 | 24.5 (18.6, 30.4) | 175/826 | 21.2 (18.1, 24.3) | 3.3 (−3.4, 10.0) | 0.33 | 1.16 (0.87, 1.53) | 0.31 |
| ICU admission* | 11/223 | 4.9 (2.1, 7.8) | 42/889 | 4.7 (3.2, 6.2) | 0.2 (−3.0, 3.4) | 0.90 | 1.04 (0.54, 2.02) | 0.90 |
| Mechanical ventilation* | 10/224 | 4.5 (1.8, 7.2) | 35/891 | 3.9 (2.5, 5.3) | 0.5 (−2.5, 3.6) | 0.73 | 1.14 (0.56, 2.30) | 0.72 |
| Renal replacement therapy* | n < 5/224 | —** | —** | —** | −0.2 (−2.0, 1.6) | 0.81 | 0.86 (0.24, 3.09) | 0.81 |
NSAID use was defined as having an NSAID prescription filled within 30 days prior to the date of cohort entry.
*Patients with a secondary outcome occurring during the exclusion assessment window were excluded, resulting in exclusion of n = 594 patients for hospitalization, n = 33 for ICU admission, n = 18 for mechanical ventilation, and n = 6 for renal replacement therapy in unmatched cohorts, and n = 90, n = 8, n = 5, and n < 5, respectively, in matched cohorts.
**Censored to preserve anonymity for counts n < 5.
ICU, intensive care unit; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.