Table 1. Mean number of alleles (MNA), expected (H_E) and observed (H_O) heterozygosity with standard deviation (SD), inbreeding coefficient (F_IS), Hardy-Weinberg test (HW) and the effective population size (Ne) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in the Hungarian chicken populations.

Population	MNA±SD	HE±SD	HO±SD	FIS	HW	Ne (CI)1	Ne (CI)2
HY2002	3.1 ± 1.16	0.50 ± 0.036	0.51 ± 0.017	–0.021	ns	21.6 (16.7–28.9)	12.7 (8.8–17.3)
HY2017	3.2 ± 1.21	0.49 ± 0.035	0.48 ± 0.017	0.024	ns	399.9 (93.0–∞)
HS2002	3.8 ± 1.21	0.55 ± 0.033	0.54 ± 0.017	0.031	ns	27.3 (21.9–34.8)	9.0 (6.5–11.9)
HS2017	3.4 ± 0.95	0.51 ± 0.036	0.50 ± 0.017	0.014	ns	30.1 (23–41.5)
HW2002	3.9 ± 1.44	0.54 ± 0.033	0.51 ± 0.017	0.051	*	15.6 (13.2–18.5)	6.0 (4.3–7.9)
HW2017	3.3 ± 1.42	0.47 ± 0.038	0.43 ± 0.017	0.087	***	345.6 (93.2–∞)
TNNS2002	3.2 ± 1.18	0.54 ± 0.029	0.53 ± 0.017	0.016	ns	23.4 (18.2–31.3)	4.4 (3.1–5.9)
TNNS2017	3.3 ± 1.42	0.56 ± 0.030	0.51 ± 0.017	0.082	***	55.5 (36.5–103.0)
TNNW2002	2.9 ± 0.84	0.49 ± 0.032	0.51 ± 0.017	–0.039	ns	20.2 (15.4–27.3)	6.6 (4.5–9.0)
TNNW2017	3.1 ± 0.92	0.47 ± 0.032	0.42 ± 0.017	0.100	***	52.3 (33.6–102.0)
TNNB2002	2.9 ± 0.96	0.44 ± 0.033	0.44 ± 0.017	0.015	ns	19.8 (15.1–26.6)	4.7 (3.2–6.3)
TNNB2017	3.3 ± 1.11	0.50 ± 0.034	0.45 ± 0.017	0.100	***	97.1 (53.0–375.5)

HY = Yellow Hungarian, HS = Speckled Hungarian, HW = White Hungarian, TNNS = Speckled Transylvanian Naked Neck, TNNW = White Transylvanian Naked Neck, TNNB = Black Transylvanian Naked Neck.

Numbers in lower index of the populations indicate the year of sampling.

*P<0.05

***P<0.001, ns = non-significant.

¹effective population sizes for each stock respectively, using the linkage disequilibrium method.

²effective population sizes for each breed by Jorde/Ryman two-sample (temporal) method.