Table 1.

Clinical and demographic characteristics of study cohort.

	Dopamine treatment (cases), n = 18	No dopamine treatment (controls), n = 36	P-value
Gestational age at birth, mean ± SD, weeks	39 ± 1.7	38 ± 1.5	0.70
Male sex, n (%)	11 (61)	21 (58)	0.85
Mode of delivery
Vaginal, n (%)	6 (33)	18 (50)	0.25
C-section, n (%)	12 (66)	18 (50)
Birth weight, mean ± SD, grams	3257 ± 541.3	3333 ± 498.9	0.20
Race
Caucasian, n (%)	12 (67)	28 (78)	0.38
African American, n (%)	6 (33)	6 (17)	0.17
Asian, n (%)	0	1 (3)	1.00
Native American, n (%)	0	1 (3)	1.00
Maternal age, mean ± SD, years	27 ± 6.9	28 ± 5.4	0.62
Clinically diagnosed chorioamnionitis, n (%)	2 (17)a	2 (6)	0.26
Antenatal Magnesium Exposure, n (%)	1 (6)	2 (6)	1.00
Apgar scores, median (interquartile range) (1, 5, and 10 min)	1 (2.3)	2 (2)	0.14
	3 (2)	4 (4)	0.24
	4 (4)b	5 (3)b	0.82
Cord pH, mean ± SD	6.92 ± 0.2	7.07 ± 0.2	<0.01c
Intubated within 96 h of life, n (%)	16 (89)	22 (61)	0.04c
Inborn, n (%)	9 (50)	19 (52)	0.85
Worst severity of encephalopathy in first 6 h, n (%)
Mild	1 (5)	6 (17)	0.43
Moderate	14 (78)	27 (75)
Severe	3 (17)	3 (8)

^aClinically diagnosed chorioamnionitis has 6 missing data points in the dopamine treated group,

^b1 infant did not have 1-min Apgar score and 3 infants did not have assigned 10-min Apgar scores,

^cdenotes significance at the p < 0.05 level.