Fig. 2.

Topographical results of the phase-locking value (PLV) and the mean phase difference (MPD) during slow and fast spindles for the discovery analysis (18 PTSD and 29 non-PTSD). Black stars indicate the two “seed channels” (Fz in the frontal region and Pz in the parietal region) used in the pair-wise analyses. A) Results of the PLV during slow spindles using Fz as the seed channel. The first and second columns show the PLV values of the 63 pair-wise analyses for the PTSD and non-PTSD groups, respectively, while the third column shows the Z-values of the statistical comparisons (Wilcoxon rank-sum tests) between the two groups at individual channels. Small black dots denote the individual channels. B) Results of the MPD during slow spindles using Fz as the seed channel. The first and second columns show the MPD values of the 63 pair-wise analyses for the PTSD and non-PTSD groups, respectively, whereas the third column shows F-values of the statistical comparisons (Watson − Williams tests) between the two groups at individual channels. Small black dots denote the individual channels for which the PLV was greater than 0.5 when referenced to Fz, whereas large black dots indicate channels with uncorrected p-values less than 0.05. C) Results of the PLV during fast spindles using Pz as the seed channel. D) Results of the MPD during fast spindles using Pz as the seed channel.