Table 2.
Resistance phenotypes and carbapenemase genes identified in carbapenem-resistant isolates
| Strain names | Hospital | Isolation sources | BlaGENES | ERT MIC (mg/L) | IPM MIC (mg/L) | Antibiotic-resistance phenotype | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escherichia coli 13 | SHS | Stool | blaOXA-181 | 0.75 (R) | 0.38 (S) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | ERT | SXT | CIP | DO | ||||
| Escherichia coli 425 | UDUTH | Urine | blaOXA-181 | 0.75 (R) | 1.5 (S) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | ERT | SXT | CIP | DO | ||||
| Citrobacter freundii 448 | UDUTH | Urine | blaNDM-5 | 2 (R) | 6 (R) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | CRO | ERT | IMP | SXT | CIP | DO | CN | |
| Citrobacter freundii 167 | UDUTH | Urine | blaNDM-5 | 4 (R) | 6 (R) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | CRO | ERT | IMP | SXT | CIP | DO | CN | |
| Enterobacter cloacae 58 | UDUTH | Urine | blaNDM-5 | 8 (R) | 16 (R) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | CRO | ERT | IMP | SXT | CIP | DO | F | CN |
| Enterobacter cloacae 116 | UDUTH | Urine | blaNDM-5 | 8 (R) | 12 (R) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | CRO | ERT | IMP | SXT | CIP | DO | AK | |
| Enterobacter cloacae 138 | SHS | Sputum | blaNDM-5 | 4 (R) | 8 (R) | AMX | AMC | FEP | TZP | KF | CRO | ERT | IMP | SXT | CIP | F | CN | |
Abbreviations: SHS, Specialist Hospital Sokoto; UDUTH, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital Sokoto. AMX, amoxicillin; AMC, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; FEP, cefepime; CRO, ceftriaxone; KF, cefalotin; CN, gentamicin; AK, amikacin; DO, doxycycline; CIP, ciprofloxacin; ETP, ertapenem; IPM, imipenem; SXT, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; FF, fosfomycin; F, nitrofurantoin. MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; R, resistant; S, susceptible.