Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics.
| C-well | HR-well | HR-MD | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n, timepoint 1 | 93 | 74 | 35 | |
| n, timepoint 2 | 46 | 47 | 31 | |
| Age, timepoint 1 a | 21.6 (3.8) | 21.6 (4.9) | 21.4 (5.2) | 0.82 |
| Age range | 16.3-25.6 | 15.2-26.6 | 16.0-30.0 | |
| Age, timepoint 2 a | 23.4 (3.6) | 23.8 (5.2) | 23.7 (5.0) | 0.45 |
| Age range | 18.3-27.6 | 17.6-28.1 | 18.1-28.1 | |
| Gender b | 0.51 | |||
| Male | 42 (45.2%) | 38 (51.4%) | 14 (40.0%) | |
| Female | 51 (54.8%) | 36 (48.6%) | 21 (60.0%) | |
| Handedness b | 0.32 | |||
| Left | 5 (5.4%) | 7 (9.5%) | 2 (5.7%) | |
| Right | 86 (92.5%) | 65 (87.8%) | 33 (94.3%) | |
| Mixed | 0 (0%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Unknown | 2 (2.2%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| NART score a | 111 (9.0) | 111 (10.7) | 107 (8.9) | 0.15 |
| HRSD, timepoint 1 a | 0 (1.0) | 0 (2.0) | 2 (5.5) | <0.001 *** α |
| HRSD, timepoint 2 a | 0 (2.0) | 0 (1.0) | 5 (8.0) | <0.001 *** α |
*** p < 0.001
Note: Individual NART scores were averaged over all completed assessments (max. 4).
a Medians and interquartile ranges for variables not normally distributed (Kruskal-Wallis test)
b Frequency and percentages for categorical variables (Chi-squared test).
α HR-MD vs. C-well and HR-MD vs. HR-well (Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s test for pairwise comparisons)
C-well, group of participants without family history who remained well; HR-MD, group of participants at high familial risk who developed a mood disorder; HRSD, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression; HR-well, group of participants at high familial risk who remained well; NART, National Adult Reading Test.