Table 1.
Maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes among women delivering between 1973 and 2012 in Sweden, stratified by exposure to at least 1 stillbirth
| No stillbirth, n (%) N=1,928,025 (99.3) |
Stillbirth, n (%) N=13,032 (0.7) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Age, y | ||
| <20 | 110,247 (5.7) | 1006 (7.7) |
| 20–29 | 1,246,167 (64.6) | 8354 (64.1) |
| 30–39 | 544,976 (28.3) | 3428 (26.3) |
| ≥40 | 26,635 (1.4) | 244 (1.9) |
| Native country | ||
| Sweden | 1,634,646 (84.8) | 10,489 (80.5) |
| Elsewhere | 293,379 (15.2) | 2543 (19.5) |
| Education level | ||
| Less than upper secondary | 255,4218 (13.3) | 2259 (17.3) |
| Upper secondary | 871,010 (45.2) | 6237 (47.9) |
| Third level | 761,327 (39.5) | 4250 (32.6) |
| Missing | 40,267 (2.1) | 286 (2.2) |
| Body mass index in early pregnancy, kg/m2 | ||
| Underweight: <18.5 | 45,620 (2.4) | 233 (1.8) |
| Normal: 18.5–24.9 | 705,945 (36.6) | 3397 (26.1) |
| Overweight: 25–29.9 | 192,310 (10.0) | 1267 (9.7) |
| Obese: ≥30 | 69,543 (3.6) | 641 (4.9) |
| Missing | 914,607 (47.4) | 7494 (57.5) |
| Maternal smoking | ||
| No | 1,025,800 (53.2) | 5531 (42.4) |
| Yes | 206,736 (10.7) | 1620 (12.4) |
| Missing | 695,489 (36.1) | 5881 (45.1) |
| Gestational diabetes (ever) | ||
| No | 1,909,864 (99.1) | 12,718 (97.6) |
| Yes | 18,161(0.9) | 314 (2.4) |
| Preeclampsia (ever) | ||
| No | 1,836,778 (95.3) | 11,739 (90.1) |
| Yes | 91,247 (4.7) | 1293 (9.9) |
| Small for gestational age (SGA) (ever) | ||
| No | 1,827,649 (94.9) | 8465 (65.1) |
| Yes | 98,433 (5.1) | 4540 (34.9) |
| Decade of first birth | ||
| 1973–1979 | 513,507 (26.6) | 4407 (33.8) |
| 1980–1989 | 423,964 (22.0) | 3121 (24.0) |
| 1990–1999 | 421,561 (21.9) | 2701 (20.7) |
| 2000–2012 | 568,993 (29.5) | 2803 (21.5) |
| Parity | ||
| 1 | 645,641 (33.5) | 1424 (10.9) |
| 2 | 861,082 (44.7) | 2944 (22.6) |
| 3 | 321,984 (16.7) | 4980 (38.2) |
| 4 | 74,245 (3.9) | 2525 (19.4) |
| 5 or more | 25,073 (1.3) | 1159 (8.9) |
Barrett et al. Stillbirth is associated with increased risk of long-term maternal renal disease: a nationwide cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.