Supplemental Table 3.

Hazard ratios for maternal chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease by history of stillbirth, among women delivering between 1973 and 2012 in Sweden, restricted to women who had preexisting medical comorbidities

	Chronic kidney disease (N = 863)			End-stage renal disease (N = 270)
	n	Age-adjusted	Fully adjusted	n	Age-adjusted	Fully adjusted
		HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)		HR (95% CI)	HR (95% CI)
No stillbirth	836	1.0	1.0	259	1.0	1.0
Stillbirth (any)	27	1.26 (0.86–1.85)	1.10 (0.74–1.64)	11	1.56 (0.85–2.86)	1.33 (0.71–2.51)

Analysis was restricted to 17,416 women with a known pre-pregnancy history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, hemoglobinopathy or coagulopathy. Among them, 197 (1.1%) had at least one stillbirth. Women with prepregnancy renal disease were excluded.

HRs represent separate Cox regression models for associations between stillbirth and subsequent maternal chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. In all models, delivery of a stillbirth was a time-dependent variable, where maternal exposure status was based on the date of first stillbirth.

Fully adjusted models controlled for maternal age, country of origin, maternal education, parity, antenatal BMI, smoking, and maternal exposure to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and SGA delivery (time-dependent covariates), stratified by year of delivery.

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; SGA, small for gestational age.

Barrett et al. Stillbirth is associated with increased risk of long-term maternal renal disease: a nationwide cohort study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020.