Table 2.
Supportive treatments and clinical outcomes between the two groups
| Variables | Total (n = 693) | IPA group (n = 21) | Control group (n = 672) | p-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vasopressor use (n, %) | 27 (3.9) | 11 (52.4) | 16 (2.4) | < 0.001 |
| Length of vasopressor use (days, median, IQR) | 1.0 (0.5–3.0) | 2.0 (0.5–4.5) | 1.5 (1.0–2.0) | 0.185 |
| Noninvasive ventilation (n, %) | 159 (22.9) | 9 (42.9) | 150 (22.3) | 0.014 |
| Length of noninvasive ventilation (days, median, IQR) | 4.0 (1.0–8.0) | 2.0 (2.0–10.0) | 5.0 (1.0–8.0) | 0.009 |
| Invasive ventilation (n, %) | 158 (22.8) | 18 (85.7) | 140 (20.8) | < 0.001 |
| Length of invasive ventilation (days, median, IQR) | 4.0 (1.0–9.0) | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | 4.0 (1.0–9.0) | 0.003 |
| Complications during hospitalisation (n, %) | ||||
| Respiratory failure | 167 (24.1) | 21 (100.0) | 146 (21.7) | < 0.001 |
| Heart failure | 147 (21.2) | 9 (42.9) | 138 (20.5) | 0.028 |
| Septic shock | 36 (5.2) | 18 (85.7) | 18 (2.7) | < 0.001 |
| Acute kidney failure | 27 (3.9) | 3 (14.3) | 24 (3.6) | 0.054 |
| Bloodstream infection | 8 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (1.2) | > 0.999 |
| Admittance to ICU (n, %) | 176 (26.3) | 15 (71.4) | 161 (24.0) | < 0.001 |
| Length of stay in ICU (days, median, IQR) | 8.0 (6.0–13.0) | 9.0 (7.0–11.0) | 8.0 (6.0–13.0) | 0.473 |
| LOS (days, median, IQR) | 10.0 (8.0–14.0) | 24.0 (11.0–42.0) | 10.0 (7.0–13.0) | < 0.001 |
| 60-day mortality (n, %) | 136 (19.6) | 9 (42.9) | 127 (18.9) | 0.015 |
LOS length of stay in hospital, ICU intensive care unit; a: IPA group vs control group. The bolded values are p-values < 0.05, which represent significant differences between subgroups