Table 5.
In vitro fermentation parameters of three total mixed rations supplemented with different levels of camelina oil (N = 6).
| Items* | Oil levels | SEM | P-value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0% | 2% | 4% | 6% | 8% | |||
| Roughage: concentrate (70:30) | |||||||
| pH | 6.75 | 6.75 | 6.74 | 6.70 | 6.74 | 0.010 | 0.644 |
| NH3-N | 7.93a | 7.92a | 7.80a | 6.25b | 6.69ab | 0.227 | 0.031 |
| MCP | 12.08a | 11.89a | 10.87ab | 10.87ab | 9.24b | 0.351 | 0.067 |
| TVFA | 24.24 | 22.22 | 23.87 | 25.19 | 24.90 | 0.467 | 0.299 |
| C2 | 11.16 | 10.11 | 10.87 | 11.53 | 11.29 | 0.221 | 0.312 |
| C3 | 7.94ab | 7.40b | 7.89ab | 8.43ab | 8.48a | 0.155 | 0.016 |
| isoC4 | 0.47 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.007 | 0.609 |
| C4 | 3.99 | 3.66 | 3.96 | 4.11 | 4.02 | 0.079 | 0.462 |
| isoC5 | 0.41 | 0.37 | 0.42 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.011 | 0.705 |
| C5 | 0.26 | 0.22 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.006 | 0.596 |
| A/P | 1.40a | 1.36ab | 1.37ab | 1.37ab | 1.33b | 0.008 | 0.050 |
| Roughage: concentrate (50:50) | |||||||
| pH | 6.75 | 6.76 | 6.75 | 6.76 | 6.74 | 0.003 | 0.134 |
| NH3-N | 8.84a | 7.77b | 7.43b | 8.92a | 9.29a | 0.202 | 0.005 |
| MCP | 9.20ab | 8.57b | 8.70b | 9.57ab | 10.79a | 0.290 | 0.099 |
| TVFA | 26.23 | 26.27 | 25.32 | 26.02 | 25.59 | 0.157 | 0.230 |
| C2 | 11.66 | 11.49 | 11.17 | 11.42 | 11.19 | 0.078 | 0.229 |
| C3 | 8.67ab | 8.96a | 8.32b | 8.63ab | 8.58ab | 0.082 | 0.018 |
| isoC4 | 0.50a | 0.49ab | 0.47c | 0.47bc | 0.46c | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| C4 | 4.51 | 4.48 | 4.59 | 4.71 | 4.60 | 0.042 | 0.478 |
| isoC5 | 0.51a | 0.49ab | 0.45b | 0.46b | 0.45b | 0.008 | 0.031 |
| C5 | 0.37a | 0.35ab | 0.32c | 0.34bc | 0.31c | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| A/P | 1.35 | 1.28 | 1.35 | 1.33 | 1.31 | 0.011 | 0.293 |
| Roughage: concentrate (30:70) | |||||||
| pH | 6.68ab | 6.70a | 6.66bc | 6.64d | 6.62dc | 0.007 | <0.0001 |
| NH3-N | 9.16a | 6.31b | 9.48a | 9.33a | 11.07a | 0.414 | 0.0021 |
| MCP | 10.18 | 9.89 | 9.15 | 10.33 | 10.12 | 0.257 | 0.6479 |
| TVFA | 30.06a | 28.95ab | 30.24a | 29.69a | 27.88b | 0.253 | 0.0099 |
| C2 | 12.82a | 12.40ab | 12.91a | 12.65a | 11.87b | 0.112 | 0.0132 |
| C3 | 10.31a | 9.75ab | 10.21a | 10.06a | 9.32b | 0.108 | 0.0144 |
| isoC4 | 0.543a | 0.543a | 0.558a | 0.533ab | 0.507b | 0.006 | 0.0504 |
| C4 | 5.33 | 5.13 | 5.38 | 5.38 | 5.16 | 0.047 | 0.2749 |
| isoC5 | 0.647ab | 0.680a | 0.687a | 0.645ab | 0.607b | 0.011 | 0.1263 |
| C5 | 0.420b | 0.453ab | 0.495a | 0.427b | 0.417b | 0.010 | 0.0392 |
| A/P | 1.24 | 1.27 | 1.27 | 1.26 | 1.28 | 0.008 | 0.7449 |
Arithmetic mean in the same column within each ration with different letters differ significantly (P < 0.05).
*
Items: NH3-N, ammonia-N (mg /100 mL); MCP, microbial crud protein (mg/mL); VFA, volatile fatty acids (mmol/L); C2, acetic acid (mmol/L); C3, propionic acid (mmol/L); C4, butyric acid (mmol/L); C5, valeric acid (mmol/L); iC4, isobutyric acid (mmol/L); iC5, isovaleric acid (mmol/L); A/P, acetate to propionate ratio.