Table 3.
List of medicinal plants with antioxidant properties.
| S/N | Name of plant | Local/common Names | Antioxidant component | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Zingiber officinale, | Ata-ile in Yoruba | Gingerols, shogaols, paradols | Teschke and Xuan (2018); Stoner (2013) |
| 2 | Cucurma longa | Gangamau (Hausa) or Atale pupa (Yoruba) or Boboch (Igbo) | Curcumin, eugenol | Shreejayan and Rao (1994) |
| 3 | Allium sativum | Aayu in Yoruba Ayo-ishi in Igbo and Tafarunua in Hausa | Allicin | Nencini et al. (2011) |
| 4 | Cannabis sativa L | Igbo in Yoruba | 9-tetrahydrocannabinol | Khajuria et al. (2020) |
| 5 | Ageratum conyzoides | Imi esu in Yoruba | Squalene, hexadecanoic acid | Kelly (1999); Cowan (1999) |
| 6 | Ficus exasperata | Epin in Yoruba | alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins | Ijeh and Ukwemi (2007); Woode et al. (2009) |
| 7 | Telifarria occidentalis | Ugwu in Igbo | anthocyanin, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, flavonoids, folic acid, polyphenol and alkaloid | Scalbert et al. (2005) |
| 8 | Vernonia amygdalina | ewuro | Vernodalin, Vernomygdin, Epivernodalol, Vernodalol |
Kupchan et al. (1969); Owoeye (2010); Erasto et al. (2006) |
| 9 | Garcinia kola | Orogbo in Yoruba, Adu/aku-inu and Namiji goro in Hausa | apigenin-5,7,4‘-trimethyl ether, apigenin-4‘-methylether, fisetin, amento-flavone, kolaflavanone and GB1 | Iwu (1982) |
| 10 | Ocimum basillicum | Efirin in Yoruba Nchanwu in Igbo and Dadoya in Hausa | Eugenol, methyl eugenol and methyl chavicol | Bunrathep et al. (2007) |
| 11 | Psidium guajava | gurofa | Saponin, oleanolic acid, lyxopyranoside, arabopyranoside, guaijavarin, quercetin and flavonoids | Das (2011), Arima and Danno (2002) |
| 12 | xylopia aethiopica | Eeru/Erunje in Yoruba, Uda in Igbo and Kimba in Hausa | β-pinene (16,016%), α-pinene (10,39%) and β - eudesmol (12,66%), α – eudesmol (3.7 %), α- cubebene (4.05%), aryophyllene oxid (3.21%) | Karioti and Hadjipavlou-Litina (2004) |
| 13 | Parkia bigglobossa | Iru in Yoruba, ogiri in Igbo and dadawa in Hausa | Ascorbic acid, rutin, butylated hydro-anisole (BHA) and alpha-tocoherol | Adaramola et al. (2012) |
| 14 | Spondia mombi | Iyeye in Yoruba, | Geraniin and galloyl geraniin | Corthout et al. (1991) |
| 15 | Musa paradisiaca) | Ogede Agbagbain Yoruba, Abrika in Igbo and ayaba in Hausa | Ferulic acid | Kumar and Pruthi (2014) |
| 16 | Azadirachta indica | Dongoyaro in Yoruba, Atu yabasi/ogwu akom in Igbo and Maina in Hausa | (2,3-(S)-hexahydroxydiphenoyl-(α/β)-D-glucopyranose, Avicularin and Castalagin) |
Abdelhady et al. (2015) |