Table 1.

List of hESC-sEVs proteins and antiaging genes associated with signalling pathways.

Signalling pathway	Proteins components in hESCs-sEVs	Upregulated antiaging genes
Wnt signalling pathway	SRC, TGFBR1, AKT1, CD44, CDH1, CREBBP, CTNNB1, EP300, CJA1, GNAQ, ILK, LRP1, MAP3K7, PIN1, POU5F1, PPP2CA, SFRP1	Sox9, Wnt10b, Wnt2b, Wnt4, Wnt6, Fzd9
Sirtuin signalling pathway	SLC2A1, SOD1, STAT3, STK11, ACLY, ACSS2, ADAM10, AGTRAP, AKT1, APP, CDH1, GSK3B, MAPK1, MTOR, NAMPT, PARP1, PRKAA1,	Pfkfb3, Nos2, Cpt1b
AMPK signalling pathway	ACACA, ACACB, STK11, SRC, SMARCA4, SLC2A1, RAB3A, PRKCA, PRKAA1, PPP2CA, MTOR, MAPK1, MAP3K7, FASN, EP300, ELAVL1, EEF2, CREBBP, ARID1A, AKT1	Cpt1b, Mapk13
PTEN signalling pathway	RAC1, PTK2, PDGFRB, OCRL, NRAS, NGFR, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, LRP1, ITGB1, ITGA5, ILK, IGF1R, HRAS, GSK3B, FLT1, FGFR3, EGFR, CDC42, CBL, CASP3, BMPR1A, AKT1, TGFBR1,	Pdgfra, Fgfr2