Table 4.
Clinical characteristics of the study population by EUGR in weight based on the Fenton charts
| Non-EUGR (n = 355) |
EUGR (n = 1,001) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gestational age (weeks) | 26.6 ± 1.1 | 26.3 ± 1.0 | < 0.001 |
| Birthweight (grams) | 880.2 ± 202.4 | 908 ± 184 | 0.017 |
| Birthweight z score | − 0.1 ± 1.0 | 0.3 ± 0.9 | < 0.001 |
| Male sex | 175 (49.3) | 526 (52.6) | 0.294 |
| Caesarean section | 251 (70.7) | 709 (70.8) | 0.720 |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus | 30 (8.5) | 67 (6.7) | 0.281 |
| Chorioamnionitis | 133 (42.9) | 392 (46.9) | 0.231 |
| PPROM | 157 (44.7) | 427 (43.0) | 0.573 |
| Oligohydramnios | 44 (13.8) | 107 (11.8) | 0.372 |
| Prenatal steroid | 286 (81.7) | 802 (81.6) | 1.000 |
| Multiple birth | 112 (31.6) | 292 (29.2) | 0.418 |
| Hypertension | 56 (15.8) | 87 (8.7) | < 0.001 |
| Apgar score 1 min | 4.0 ± 1.9 | 3.9 ± 1.7 | 0.264 |
| Apgar score 5 min | 6.3 ± 1.8 | 6.3 ± 1.7 | 0.463 |
| RDS | 340 (95.8) | 983 (98.2) | 0.015 |
| Treated PDA | 170 (47.9) | 610 (60.9) | < 0.001 |
| Moderate to severe BPD | 170 (47.9) | 464 (46.4) | 0.621 |
| IVH ≥ grade 3 | 19 (5.4) | 122 (12.2) | < 0.001 |
| NEC | 14 (3.9) | 80 (8.0) | 0.010 |
| ROP ≥ stage 2 | 73 (20.6) | 260 (26.0) | 0.045 |
| Sepsis | 93 (26.2) | 319 (31.9) | 0.051 |
| Duration of PN (days) | 28.1 ± 16.9 | 38.6 ± 22.4 | < 0.001 |
| Length of stay (days) | 91.4 ± 23.9 | 96.2 ± 24.0 | 0.001 |
Values are expressed as number (%) or mean ± standard deviation. EUGR, extrauterine growth restriction; PPROM, preterm premature rupture of membrane; RDS, respiratory distress syndrome; PDA, patent ductus arteriosus; BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia; IVH, intraventricular haemorrhage; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; ROP, retinopathy of prematurity; PN, parenteral nutrition