Table 5.

Logistic regression analysis between WMH severity characteristics and apathy progression according to different models.

Variable	Apathy progression
	Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	OR (95% CI)	P‐value	OR (95% CI)	P‐value	OR (95% CI)	P‐value
WMH Fazekas scale	7.610 (3.285‐17.630)	<0.001*	8.589 (3.396‐21.719)	<0.001*	10.894 (3.940‐30.123)	<0.001*
PVH grade	35.462 (7.596‐165.554)	<0.001*	56.083 (8.974‐350.474)	<0.001*	139.688 (15.823‐1233.231)	<0.001*
DWMH grade	8.031 (3.037‐21.231)	<0.001*	9.024 (3.236‐25.163)	<0.001*	9.863 (3.456‐28.149)	<0.001*

Abbreviations: WMH, white matter hyperintensities; PVH, periventricular hyperintensities; DWMH, deep subcortical white matter hyperintensities; CI, confidence interval; UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; PDSS, Parkinson’s Disease Sleep Scale.

Model 1: adjusting for gender, age, age at PD onset, disease duration, and educational level.

Model 2: adjusting for gender, age, age at PD onset, disease duration, educational level, smoking, alcohol, initial presentation of motor symptoms, and total levodopa equivalent dose.

Model 3: adjusting for gender, age, age at PD onset, disease duration, educational level, smoking, alcohol, initial presentation of motor symptoms, and total levodopa equivalent dose, Hoehn and Yahr stage, UPDRS part III, PDSS score.

*Statistically significant (P < 0.05).