Table 3.
Mean (and Standard Deviation) for the Pain Variables in Both Immersions, with Conditions Presented in Order of Increase or Decrease of Cognitive Load from the First to the Second Immersion in VR)
| VR Immersion 1 | VR Immersion 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| Pain tolerance (duration of the cold pressor, in sec.) | ||
| Increase CL (Low CL – FC to High CL – HC) | 46.75 (27.23) | 64.38 (37.28) |
| Increase CL (Low CL – HC to High CL – FC) | 55.71 (29.51) | 68.57 (33.16) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – FC to Low CL – FC) | 48.67 (19.81) | 53.22 (26.93) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – HC to Low CL – HC) | 55.71 (31.95) | 49.86 (29.88) |
| Pain intensity (VAS) | ||
| Increase CL (Low CL – FC to High CL – HC) | 63.5 (26.42) | 71.13 (27.81) |
| Increase CL (Low CL – HC to High CL – FC) | 75.0 (22.83) | 77.43 (31.18) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – FC to Low CL – FC) | 88.67 (16.2) | 87.11 (19.89) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – HC to Low CL – HC) | 84.0 (16.86) | 83.57 (17.23) |
| Subjective pain (SF-MPQ) | ||
| Increase CL (Low CL – FC to High CL – HC) | 18.25 (15.19) | 18.38 (16.18) |
| Increase CL (Low CL – HC to High CL – FC) | 15.25 (6.26) | 17.14 (9.97) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – FC to Low CL – FC) | 13.89 (10.9) | 17.33 (14.32) |
| Decrease CL (High CL – HC to Low CL – HC) | 23.0 (15.06) | 23.0 (16.92) |
Abbreviations: CL, cognitive load; FC, video feed of the foot condition; HC, video feed of the hand condition; VAS, visual analog scale; SF-MPQ, Short Form-McGill Pain Questionnaire.