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. 2020 Aug 27;11:833. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00833

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Blockade of cough hyperreactivity to inhaled cinnamaldehyde, increased substance P levels, and TRPA1 overexpression following pretreatment of the skin with HC-030031, a TRPA1 selective antagonist, in guinea pigs with cough. (A) The skin of model guinea pigs were pretreated with HC-030031, then exposed to cold environment (model skin treated), the cough reactivity showed decreased significantly, as compared with the model trunk-limbs cold exposure group. (B). Pretreatment of the skin with HC-030031 completely blocked the increase in substance P levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs with cough, the trunk-limbs of which were exposed to a cold environment. (C–F) The increase in TRPA1 protein levels and mRNA overexpression in the trachea and skin were inhibited, following pretreatment of the skin with HC-030031, in guinea pigs with cough, the trunk-limbs of which were exposed to a cold environment, as detected by western blot and RT-PCR. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 10; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001).