Figure 3.

Comparison of pressure–time, volume–time and flow–time curves for Lung Models A–D. (a) In this experiment, two patients are connected via the standard splitter to the ventilator. For each simulation, each pair of patients was parametrized with the same Lung Model. (b) Ventilation was performed in pressure control mode with PIP 15 cmH₂O, PEEP 5 cmH₂O, RR 15 breaths/min, I : E ratio 1 : 2 (dotted line, top panel). Pressure–time, tidal volume–time and flow–time graphs are shown for Patient 1. Note the progressive reduction in tidal volume from Lung Model A through D (black arrow, middle panel). Identical pressure–time, tidal volume–time and flow–time graphs were seen for Patient 2 (not shown).