Table 3.

Additional summary of the applications of big data in the healthcare sector.

Name of the framework	Source of data	Technique	Area of application
Substructure for preserving privacy in healthcare systems based on RFID [116]	Data produced from the tags of RFID	Privacy preservation methods	Reliable healthcare-based services. Enhanced isolation in healthcare system based on RFID.
Novel framework for distributed and secured HIS [46]	Electronic-based health records	Providing security limitation and control mechanisms for accessing the data	Secure healthcare system. Distributed and secured multitier framework.
Smart framework for healthcare system enabled with big data [115]	EHR, report on diagnosis, data from the social media, biometric data, and monitoring data	Providing services of smart healthcare by infrastructure which is service oriented	Technologies based on smart system especially for the healthcare system. Combining the healthcare knowledge data mining strategies with the infrastructure of smart services.
Framework for policy enforcement towards IoT-based smart health [117]	Patients' various biological parameters, data related to environmental factors, and data generated from the instruments such as RFID	Providing access control based on policy mechanism for offering resources of healthcare	Smart health applications for avoiding threats in security for large scale and heterogeneous scenarios.
Framework for prediction of protein structure using big data and ensemble learning [118]	Protein structure dataset	Ensemble learning technique based on distributed tree	Design of drugs. Depicts a distributed framework with enhanced accuracy.
Framework for smart health [44]	Datasets of the patient from various sources such as the health information system and the radiology department	Pattern recognition and its matching techniques	Big data-based analytics for the applications of smart healthcare. Improving the services of healthcare by combining the sensor-based technologies along with the cloud computing and big data analytics.
A semantic web-based technology for maintaining and reusing the archetypes present in clinical data [119]	EHR	Building the ontology through ontology web language	Classification of patient based on various clinical criteria. Combining the semantic-based resources along with the EHR.