Table 2.
Current clinical studies on treatment of dental diseases based on dental MSCs.
| Application | Source of dental MSCs | Size | Therapeutic strategy | Delivery approach | Follow-up time | Outcome | Reference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cells | Scaffolds | Growth factor | |||||||
| Irreversible pulpitis | Mobilized hDPSCs from 3rd molar | 5 | Passage 7 | — | G-CSF 300 ng | Autologous transplantation | 1, 2, 4, 12, 24, 28, and 32 weeks | No adverse events EPT: positive response at 4 weeks MRI: SI in the root canal approached that of the normal pulp in untreated controls after 24 weeks CBCT: lateral dentin formation in three cases at 28 weeks |
[37] |
| Dental trauma with pulp necrosis | hDPSCs from deciduous canine teeth | 26 | Two hDPSC aggregates containing 1 × 108/ml | — | Extracellular matrix | Autologous implantation | 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months | No significant side effects after 12 months Digital RVG: continued root development EPT: decrease in sensation thresholds CBCT: apical foramen width decreased, the length of the treated tooth root increased Laser Doppler flowmetry: increase in vascular formation Histology staining: regeneration of 3D whole dental pulp tissue |
[79] |
| Irreversible pulpitis | hDPSCs from inflamed pulp | 1 | 1 × 106/ml | Membrane of collagen | Leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) | Autologous implantation | 6 and 36 months | Remaining free of any symptoms Periapical radiographs: a normal periapical area CBCT: intact periapical bone structures Sensitivity: delayed response to cold EPT: responsive Laser Doppler flowmetry: low blood perfusion |
[80] |
| Periodontal intrabony defects | hDPSCs | 11 | Micrograft containing cells | Collagen sponge | — | Autologous implantation | 6 and 12 months | No adverse events Clinical measurements: PD reduction, CAL increased, pocket closure, gingival improvement Radiographs: intrabony defect decreased |
[90] |
| Periodontal intrabony defects | hDPSCs | 15 | Micrograft containing cells | Collagen sponge | — | Autologous implantation | 6 and 12 months | No adverse events. Clinical measurements: PD reduction, CAL gain Radiographs: bone defect fill |
[91] |
| Periodontal disease | hDPSCs | 1 | 5 × 106/ml | Collagen sponge | — | Allogeneic grafting | 3 and 6 months | No signs or symptoms of rejection. Clinical evaluation: tooth mobility, periodontal pocket depth decreased CBCT: bone defect area significantly reduced |
[92] |
G-CSF: granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; EPT: electric pulp vitality testing; CBCT: cone beam computed tomography; SI: signal intensity; RVG: radiovisiography; PD: probing depth; CAL: clinical attachment level; PPD: probing pocket depth; BOP: bleeding on probing.