Table 1.

Patients’ data

	COVID-19 diagnosis	COVID-19 treatment	Previous medical history	Symptoms of spinal abscess	MRI	Blood assay		Cultural assay	Previous MSSA localizations	Months after surgery	Two-month outcome
Male 48 yrs	Positive swab Chest-CT: IP	CPAP lopinavir/topinavir hydroxychloroquine tocilizumab enoxaparin	Hypertension obesity	Pain, paraplegia mild fever	Th1-Th7	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	+   +  − norm. norm.  +  norm.	MSSA in abscess and more lately in urine	Expectoration (1 month before)	2	Healed infection No pain Unchanged paraplegia
Male 57 yrs	Positive swab Chest-CT: IP	INTUBAT./VENTIL.tocilizumab, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, corticosteroid, enoxaparin	Hypertension dyslipidemia	Pain, quadripar. No fever	C4-C6	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	+   +  − norm. norm. n.a  +  +  +	MSSA in abscess and blood	Oropharyngeal swab (15 days before)	1.5	Healed infection No pain Improved Quadripar.
Male 55 yrs	Positive swab Chest-CT: IP	CPAP tocilizumab, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, heparin	Hypertension NH Lymphoma Myocardial Infarction	Pain, ascending quadripar. No fever	C5-Th1	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	−  +  − − − norm. norm. n.a n.a	MSSA in Abscess	–	1	Healed infection No pain Improved paraparesis
Female, 78 yrs	Negative swab Positive serology	–	Hypertension Diabetes Obesity	Worsening paraparesis No fever	Th7-Th12	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	+   +  − norm. norm.  +   +	MSSA in abscess	Expectoration (15 days before)	2	Healed infection No Pain Improved paraparesis
Male 56 yrs	Negative swab High clinical suspicion	NIMV, corticosteroid, oxacillin, gentamicin, heparin	Hypertension Deep Vein Thrombosis	Pain, ascending quadripar. No fever	C1-C2 and C7-D1	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	+  +   +  − − − − norm.  +   +  +	MSSA in abscess	–	2.5	Healed infection No pain Unchanged Quadriplegia Muribund
Female, 57 yrs	Negative swab Positive serology	–	Iron deficiency anemia	Pain, paraparesis No fever	Th12-L5	WBC Neutrophils Lymphocytes RBC Platelets Procalcitonin CRP	+   +  − − − − − − norm.  +	MSSA in abscess and blood	–	2	Healed infection No pain Improved paraparesis

COVID-19 Corona virus disease 2019, IP interstitial pneumonia, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure, NIMV non invasive mechanical, ventilation, NH non-hodgkin, WBC white blood cells, RBC red blood cells, CRP C-reactive protein, MSSA methicillin-sensible staphylococcus aureus