FIG 9.

AtpA-dependent inhibition of leukocyte cytokine production is cell lysis-dependent. Bone marrow-derived MDSCs (A) or macrophages (B) were cocultured for 2 h with biofilm treated with DNase (100 U/ml) or PAS (10 μg/ml), whereupon supernatants were analyzed using a mouse cytometric bead array inflammation kit (results represent the mean combined from 3 independent experiments; n = 13 to 16 biological replicates). Viability of MDSCs (C) and macrophages (D) following PAS or DNase treatment with results presented as the percentage of live CD45⁺ leukocytes (n = 5 to 6 biological replicates from 2 independent experiments). Significant differences are denoted by asterisks (**, P < 0.01, ***, P < 0.001, and ****, P < 0.0001; two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple-comparison test).