Figure 4.

In vitro detection of bacterial biofilms using the (a) Vanco-800CW and (b) Vanco-FL-800CW probes. (a) Biofilms of S. aureus, S. epidermidis ATCC, or E. coli ATCC were grown on microscopy coverslips and were subsequently incubated with Vanco-800CW. Images recorded by fluorescence microscopy reveal binding of Vanco-800CW (red) to the Gram-positive bacterial biofilms (S. aureus and S. epidermidis ATCC) but not to the Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli ATTC). (b) S. epidermidis ATCC was further selected to investigate the binding of Vanco-FL-800CW. Vanco-FL-800CW was also able to bind to S. epidermidis ATCC and the BODIPY-FL signal (green) colocalized with the 800CW signal (red). The colocalization is presented in yellow. Scale bars: 40 μm.