Figure 4.

Long-term Hg²⁺ adsorption study on the CysM-PAA-PVDF membrane. A total of ∼1700 mL of spiked wastewater was passed through the membrane in convective flow mode at 2.72 bar. Initial concentration of Hg²⁺ was approximately 110 ppb. Membrane surface area was 13.2 cm². The test pressure was 2.72 bar. (a) Flux pattern of spiked wastewater and flux recovery after the adsorption study are shown on the primary (left) y axis and the remaining dissolved Hg²⁺ concentration in the permeate is shown on the secondary (right) y axis in 1300 min of operation. (b) Long-term Hg²⁺ adsorption performance (efficiency) of the CysM-PAA-PVDF membrane.