Table 1.
Article | First author | Kind of mouthrinse | Antiseptic/Antibacterial | Placebo | Contaminate | Reduction in viral load | Testing time | Author`s Conclusions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In vitro Virucidal Effectiveness of a 0.12%-Chlorhexidine Gluconate Mouthrinse 6 November 1989 |
D BERNSTEIN [1] | Peridex (Chlorhexidine Gluconate 0.12% Oral Rinse) | Antimicrobial | Excipients | Herpes Simplex Cytomegalovirus Influenza A Parainfluenza Hepatitis polio virus |
Reductions in all virus concentration except the polio virus. | 30 s-5 m-15 m | Virucidal effectiveness of 0.12%-Chlorhexidine Gluconate increased with time. |
In vitro effect of oral antiseptics on human immunodeficiency virus-1 and herpes simplex virus type1 Baqui Jul,2001 |
AAMA Baqui [2] | -ListerineA Antiseptic (LA) -Tartar control ListerineA Antiseptic (TLA) -PeridexA (PX, 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate) -Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX, 20% w/v) |
Antimicrobial | – | Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) | Reduced viral load. | 30 sec | Each of the mouthrinses tested possess in vitro anti-HIV and anti-HSV properties at their commercial concentrations and some demonstrated efficacy up to 1:16 dilutions. |
In Vitro Virucidal Effect of Mouthrinse Containing C31 G on Seasonal Influenza Viruses Lee 1 April 2014 |
Dong-Hun Lee [3] | −3.0% solution of C31 G - mouthrinse containing 3.0% C31 G, SenseTime (ILDONG Pharmaceutical, Korea), |
Antimicrobial | Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) | B/Brisbane/60/2008, virus A/Brisbane/59/2007 (H1N1) A/Brisbane/10/2007 (H3N2) |
Reduced and inhibited the infection of seasonal influenza viruses. | 30 min | C31 G and Sense-Time completely inactivated all of the tested viruses Although Sense-Time contained the same concentration of C31 G, the C31 G solution showed a higher virucidal. |
Rapid and Effective Virucidal Activity of PovidoneIodine Products Against Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara (MVA) Eggers 28 September 2015 |
Maren Eggers [4] | 1% PVP-I | Antiseptic | Double-distilled water | MERS-CoV | Reduction of viral load required 30 s of exposure at the 1:10 dilution |
15s, 30s, 60 s | the excellent virucidal activity of PVP-I against enveloped viruses. |
In Vitro Bactericidal and Virucidal Efficacy of Povidone-Iodine Gargle/Mouthwash Against Respiratory and Oral Tract Pathogens Eggers 9 April 2018 |
Maren Eggers [5] | 7% PVP-I | Antiseptic | Distilled water | SARS-CoV MERS-CoV influenza virus A subtype H1N1 rotavirus |
All viral titres were reduced by between 4.40 and 6.00 log10 TCID50/ml. | Clean conditions: 15s- 30s- 60s- 120s Dirty conditions: 15s- 30s |
All viral titres were reduced after 15 s of contact time with PVP-I gargle at a concentration of 0.7% and 0.23% |