Table 1. Comparison of preoperative variables in all patients (left) and propensity-matched patients (right).
| All patients 80+ | Matched patients 80+ | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group of variables | Variable | CABG | OPCAB | p | z-diff | CABG | OPCAB | p | z-diff |
| (n = 2,744) | (n = 3,262) | (n = 1,813) | (n = 1,813) | ||||||
| Demographic data | Age>90 years | 155 (5.6%) | 222 (6.8%) | 0.074 | -1.86 | 112 (6.2%) | 116 (6.4%) | 0.837 | -0.27 |
| Age 86–90 years | 8 (0.3%) | 16 (0.5%) | 0.311 | -1.24 | 8 (0.4%) | 8 (0.4%) | 0.802 | 0.00 | |
| Female gender | 941 (34.3%) | 1187 (36.4%) | 0.096 | -1.69 | 643 (35.5%) | 636 (35.1%) | 0.835 | 0.24 | |
| Circulatory function | CCS class IV | 588 (21.4%) | 645 (19.8%) | 0.121 | 1.58 | 368 (20.3%) | 363 (20.0%) | 0.868 | 0.21 |
| NYHA class III or IV | 451 (16.4%) | 522 (16.0%) | 0.675 | 0.45 | 282 (15.6%) | 295 (16.3%) | 0.586 | -0.59 | |
| Recent MI<90 days | 908 (33.1%) | 923 (28.3%) | 0.000 | 4.01 | 566 (31.2%) | 589 (32.5%) | 0.433 | -0.82 | |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 5 (0.2%) | 17 (0.5%) | 0.051 | -2.26 | 5 (0.3%) | 4 (0.2%) | 1.000 | 0.33 | |
| LVEF <30% | 90 (3.3%) | 92 (2.8%) | 0.337 | 1.03 | 47 (2.6%) | 52 (2.9%) | 0.684 | -0.51 | |
| Previous PCA/stent | 628 (22.9%) | 597 (18.3%) | 0.000 | 4.37 | 378 (20.8%) | 382 (21.1%) | 0.903 | -0.16 | |
| Persistent or chronic AF | 249 (9.1%) | 335 (10.3%) | 0.130 | -1.57 | 184 (10.1%) | 197 (10.9%) | 0.516 | -0.70 | |
| Left main stem lesion | 1166 (42.5%) | 973 (29.8%) | 0.000 | 10.23 | 677 (37.3%) | 683 (37.7%) | 0.864 | -0.21 | |
| Triple vessel disease | 1876 (68.4%) | 1422 (43.6%) | 0.000 | 19.95 | 1056 (58.2%) | 1090 (60.1%) | 0.265 | -1.15 | |
| Individual risk factors | Cigarette smoking | 82 (3.0%) | 130 (4.0%) | 0.044 | -2.11 | 66 (3.6%) | 75 (4.1%) | 0.492 | -0.77 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 1598 (58.2%) | 1771 (54.3%) | 0.002 | 3.07 | 1055 (58.2%) | 1084 (59.8%) | 0.344 | -0.98 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 879 (32.0%) | 1117 (34.2%) | 0.075 | -1.81 | 655 (36.1%) | 643 (35.5%) | 0.703 | 0.42 | |
| Arterial hypertension | 2438 (88.8%) | 2613 (80.1%) | 0.000 | 9.49 | 1631 (90.0%) | 1631 (90.0%) | 0.956 | 0.00 | |
| BMI>35 kg/m2 | 71 (2.6%) | 78 (2.4%) | 0.686 | 0.49 | 51 (2.8%) | 51 (2.8%) | 0.920 | 0.00 | |
| Renal failure | 379 (13.8%) | 437 (13.4%) | 0.667 | 0.47 | 262 (14.5%) | 274 (15.1%) | 0.607 | -0.56 | |
| COPD | 173 (6.3%) | 209 (6.4%) | 0.913 | -0.16 | 120 (6.6%) | 124 (6.8%) | 0.842 | -0.27 | |
| Past TIA. RIND, stroke | 123 (4.5%) | 123 (3.8%) | 0.186 | 1.38 | 73 (4.0%) | 70 (3.9%) | 0.865 | 0.26 | |
| Past treatment of CAD | 30 (1.1%) | 28 (0.9%) | 0.427 | 0.92 | 20 (1.1%) | 19 (1.0%) | 1.000 | 0.16 | |
| PVD | 352 (12.8%) | 349 (10.7%) | 0.012 | 2.54 | 202 (11.1%) | 210 (11.6%) | 0.714 | -0.42 | |
| Poor mobility | 113 (4.1%) | 175 (5.4%) | 0.028 | -2.28 | 81 (4.5%) | 87 (4.8%) | 0.693 | -0.47 | |
| Condition before the procedure | Cardiogenic shock | 101 (3.7%) | 207 (6.3%) | 0.000 | -4.78 | 81 (4.5%) | 69 (3.8%) | 0.359 | 1.00 |
| Use of IABP | 87 (3.2%) | 55 (1.7%) | 0.000 | 3.68 | 36 (2.0%) | 43 (2.4%) | 0.495 | -0.80 | |
| IV nitrates or heparin. | 479 (17.5%) | 540 (16.6%) | 0.372 | 0.93 | 297 (16.4%) | 315 (17.4%) | 0.451 | -0.80 | |
| Procedure-related variables | Previous cardiac surgery | 41 (1.5%) | 39 (1.2%) | 0.372 | 1.00 | 24 (1.3%) | 26 (1.4%) | 0.887 | -0.28 |
| Non-elective surgery | 1175 (42.8%) | 1438 (44.1%) | 0.339 | -0.98 | 803 (44.3%) | 826 (45.6%) | 0.463 | -0.77 | |
| Complete arterial revascularization | 95 (3.5%) | 897 (27.5%) | 0.000 | -28.08 | 93 (5.1%) | 107 (5.9%) | 0.344 | -1.02 | |
| Number of grafts | 1 graft | 85 (3.1%) | 838 (25.7%) | 0.000 | -27.11 | 83 (4.6%) | 93 (5.1%) | 0.487 | -0.77 |
| 2 grafts | 1046 (38.1%) | 1345 (41.2%) | 0.015 | -2.46 | 898 (49.5%) | 904 (49.9%) | 0.868 | -0.20 | |
| 3 or more grafts | 1613 (58.8%) | 1079 (33.1%) | 0.000 | 20.57 | 832 (45.9%) | 816 (45.0%) | 0.617 | 0.53 | |
| Year of surgery | 2006–2009 | 588 (21.4%) | 632 (19.4%) | 0.053 | 1.97 | 341 (18.8%) | 344 (19.0%) | 0.932 | -0.13 |
| 2010–2013 | 1100 (40.1%) | 1279 (39.2%) | 0.505 | 0.69 | 699 (38.6%) | 711 (39.2%) | 0.708 | -0.41 | |
| 2014–2017 | 1056 (38.5%) | 1351 (41.4%) | 0.022 | -2.31 | 773 (42.6%) | 758 (41.8%) | 0.638 | 0.50 | |
Abbreviations: AF–atrial fibrillation, CAD–carotid artery, CCS–Canadian Coronary Score, COPD–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IABP–intra-aortic balloon pump, IV–intravenous, LVEF—Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, MI–myocardial infarction, NYHA–New York Heart Association, PCA–percutaneous coronary angioplasty, PVD–peripheral vascular disease, RIND–reversible ischaemic neurologic deficit, SR–surgical reexploration, TIA–transient ischaemic attack.