TABLE 3—
Subanalysis of Factors Associated With Time to Cessation of Opioid Injection Versus Stimulant Injection: Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2005–2018
| Characteristic | Opioid Injection Cessation (n = 1469), AHR (95% CI) | Stimulant Injection Cessation (n = 1579), AHR (95% CI) |
| Daily cannabis usea (yes vs no) | 1.26 (1.12, 1.41) | 0.93 (0.83, 1.04) |
| Age (HR per year older) | 1.01 (1.01, 1.02) | . . . |
| Sex (male vs female) | . . . | 0.82 (0.73, 0.90) |
| Opioid agonist therapya (yes vs no) | . . . | 1.21 (1.09, 1.35) |
| Participation in alcohol or drug treatmenta (yes vs no) | . . . | 1.32 (1.14, 1.52) |
| Noninjection methamphetamine usea (yes vs no) | . . . | 0.71 (0.58, 0.87) |
| Participation in selling illicit drugsa (yes vs no) | . . . | 0.74 (0.66, 0.82) |
| Unable to access addiction treatmenta (yes vs no) | . . . | 0.76 (0.66, 0.87) |
Note. ACCESS = AIDS Care Cohort to Evaluate Exposure to Survival Services; AHR = adjusted hazard ratio; ARYS = At-Risk Youth Study; CI = confidence interval; HR = hazard ratio; VIDUS = Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study. Variables included in the analyses but not retained in the final adjusted model were race/ethnicity (White vs other), stable relationship (yes vs no), incarceration (yes vs no), employment (yes vs no), homelessness (yes vs no), binge drug use (yes vs no), noninjection heroin use (≥ daily vs < daily), noninjection cocaine use (≥ daily vs < daily), noninjection crack cocaine use, and study cohort (ACCESS vs VIDUS; ARYS vs VIDUS).
Refers to activities in the 6 months before the follow-up interview.