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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Attach Hum Dev. 2020 Mar 4;23(3):328–349. doi: 10.1080/14616734.2020.1734642

Table 1.

Group differences on sample demographics and study variables between mothers with and without depression.

Depressed (n = 69) Non-Depressed (n = 54) Statistical Test p value
Age M = 25.22 M = 24.90 t(121) = −0.36 0.72
Race χ2(2, N = 123) = 1.65 0.44
 Black 56.52% 64.81%
 White 21.74% 22.22%
 Other 21.74% 12.96%
Ethnicity χ2(1, N = 123) = 3.47 0.06
 Hispanic 21.73% 9.26%
 Non-Hispanic 78.26% 90.74%
Education χ2(2, N = 123) = 2.71 0.26
 Did Not Complete HS 43.47% 40.74%
 GED/HS Diploma 49.27% 42.59%
 Some College 7.24% 16.67%
Marital Status χ2(1, N = 123) = 5.49 0.02
 Married 8.70% 24.07%
 Not Married 91.30% 75.93%
Subtype of Maternal Childhood
 Maltreatment
 No Maltreatment 27.69% 62.26% χ2(1, N = 118) = 14.22 <0.001
 Sexual Abuse 49.23% 24.53% χ2(1, N = 118) = 7.55 0.01
 Emotional Abuse 49.23% 15.09% χ2(1, N = 118) = 15.18 <0.001
 Physical Abuse 49.23% 11.32% χ2(1, N = 118) = 19.22 <0.001
 Emotional Neglect 47.69% 9.43% χ2(1, N = 118) = 20.16 <0.001
 Physical Neglect 35.38% 15.09% χ2(1, N = 118) = 6.21 0.01
Number of Subtypes of Maternal Childhood Maltreatment M = 2.31 M = 0.75 t(110.93) = -5.34 <0.001
Maternal Depressive Symptoms (12 months) M = 30.8 M = 5.07 t(90.94) = −22.04 <0.001
Maternal Sensitivity (26 months) M = 0.40 M = 0.61 t(111.30) = 3.09 <0.01
Child Internalizing (36 months) M = 9.51 M = 5.48 t(112.77) = −3.40 0.001
Child Externalizing (36 months) M = 15.98 M = 9.40 t(111.75) = −4.04 <0.001

HS = high school.