Table 3.
National annual emissions (Gg) and trends (%) of the non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) from on-road transport over time periods 2005–2014 (all countries) and 2005–2018 (Germany and United States). All trends are significant at p = 0.001 (Mann-Kendall).
| Countries | 2005–2014 (and 2005–2018**) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NMVOCs |
NOx |
CO |
||||
| Mean (Gg) | Trend (%) | Mean (Gg) | Trend (%) | Mean (Gg) | Trend (%) | |
| Canada | 207 ± 38 | - 41.1 | 570 ± 97 | - 40.0 | 2303 ± 447 | - 45.3 |
| France | 128 ± 53 | - 69.7 | 609 ± 81 | - 33.6 | 733 ± 274 | - 73.7 |
| Germany | 129 ± 28 (121 ± 29) ** | - 46.9 (- 48.8) | 574 ± 98 (540 ± 107) ** | - 36.9 (- 40.7) | 955 ± 157 (896 ± 171) ** | - 44.2 (- 47.0) |
| Italy | 214 ± 75 | - 62.7 | 480 ± 79 | - 38.9 | 883 ± 289 | - 68.0 |
| Japan | 101 ± 20 | - 45.2 | 404 ± 75 | - 43.7 | 847 ± 142 | - 7.6 |
| South Korea | 80 ± 18 | - 48.3 | 394 ± 59 | - 30.6 | 493 ± 100 | - 40.6 |
| Spain | 56 ± 28 | - 79.4 | 381 ± 80 | - 47.6 | 343 ± 139 | - 73.5 |
| United Kingdom | 100 ± 58 | - 88.5 | 447 ± 104 | - 42.4 | 879 ± 416 | - 82.4 |
| United States | 2673 ± 362 (2476 ± 494) ** | - 32.9 (- 47.0) | 5835 ± 1107 (5342 ± 1348) ** | - 42.2 (- 55.0) | 27,189 ± 5025 (25,154 ± 5716) ** | - 44.8 (- 53.8) |