TABLE 1:
Data and Labs Overtime.
| grp. | Baseline | 1-Hour | 2-Hour | 3-Hour | 4-Hour | N | p-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physiologic parameters | ||||||||
| Temperature (°C) | 1 | 37 (36.4, 37.6) | 36.6 (36, 36.9) | 37.4 (36.2, 37.9) | 37.6 (37, 38.6) | 38.2 (37.2, 38.7) | 18 | 0.30 |
| 2 | 37.4 (36.3, 37.7) | 36.1 (35.3, 36.7) | 36.2 (35.8, 37.2) | 36.8 (36.3, 38.4) | 37.4 (36.1, 38.3) | |||
| Heart rate (bpm) | 1 | 97 (85, 113.5) | 120 (112.5, 139.5) | 137 (119.5, 167.5) | 147 (115.3, 170.3) | 144 (112.3, 162.8) | 18 | 0.84 |
| 2 | 96.5 (86, 101.8) | 125 (102.5, 198) | 139 (105.5, 157.5) | 118.5 (97.8, 144.5) | 124 (102.3, 134.5) | |||
| Respiratory rate | 1 | 24 (17.5, 28) | 25 (17.5, 29) | 22 (17.5, 30.5) | 23 (17.3, 34.5) | 22.5 (17.3, 34) | 18 | 0.09 |
| 2 | 21 (18.5, 24.8) | 20 (18, 23.5) | 22 (20, 22) | 22 (20, 22) | 22 (21.5, 24.3) | |||
| SpO2 | 1 | 98 (96, 99) | 95 (93.5, 98) | 93 (90.5, 98) | 96.5 (89.8, 98) | 96.5 (95, 98.8) | 18 | 0.51 |
| 2 | 97 (96.3, 97.8) | 97 (96.5, 98) | 97 (97, 98) | 97 (94.5, 98.3) | 96.5 (90.8, 98) | |||
| MAP Above | 1 | 64 (61.5, 65.5) | 52 (48, 68) | 65 (40, 81) | 80 (46, 90.8) | 64.5 (38.8, 80.5) | 18 | 0.88 |
| 2 | 71.5 (62.5, 84.8) | 56 (45.5, 83.5) | 58.5 (30.8, 86.8) | 63 (37.8, 94.3) | 49 (32, 91.3) | |||
| MAP Below | 1 | - | 37 (28, 39) | 39 (28, 41.5) | 36 (30, 40.8) | 36 (25.8, 38.8) | 18 | 0.22 |
| 2 | - | 29 (18, 40.5) | 29 (14.3, 42) | 37 (24, 40) | 35 (21.5, 41.3) | |||
| Basic Labs | ||||||||
| pH | 1 | 7.4 (7.4, 7.6) | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | 18 | 0.71 |
| 2 | 7.5 (7.4, 7.5) | 7.3 (7.2, 7.4) | 7.4 (7.2, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | |||
| HCO3 | 1 | 32.2 (31.2, 34) | 23.6 (20.4, 27.4) | 29.1 (22.3, 30.6) | 31.4 (26.3, 32.5) | 31.5 (25.7, 32.9) | 18 | 0.18 |
| 2 | 31.7 (31.2, 34.1) | 19.4 (16, 28.9) | 22.1 (10.7, 31.4) | 27.1 (19.9, 32.9) | 28.8 (21.4, 33.5) | |||
| pCO2 | 1 | 45.9 (37.1, 54.9) | 47.4 (42.6, 56.8) | 43.8 (38.8, 57.6) | 47.5 (42.5, 54.8) | 47.7 (40.8, 53.8) | 18 | 0.03 |
| 2 | 43.1 (39.2, 50.2) | 39.4 (34.3, 44.6) | 39.2 (26.9, 45.4) | 42.4 (37.5, 46.7) | 42.2 (37, 47.8) | |||
| pO2 | 1 | 369 (249, 403) | 214 (150, 348.5) | 194 (151, 312.5) | 189.5 (145.3, 251.8) | 188.5 (162, 246) | 18 | 0.90 |
| 2 | 384 (244, 435) | 248 (187.5, 292) | 203.5 (113, 267.8) | 209 (103.8, 277.3) | 206 (117.8, 268.8) | |||
| Lactate | 1 | 1.7 (1.5, 1.9) | 7.7 (6.3, 11.3) | 3.9 (3.3, 10.7) | 2.5 (2.2, 7.4) | 2.2 (2, 7) | 18 | 0.19 |
| 2 | 2.3 (1.4, 2.7) | 11.8 (4.2, 14.6) | 9.8 (2.3, 17.3) | 5.1 (2.1, 11.9) | 4 (1.8, 10.7) | |||
| Anion gap | 1 | 12 (10.5, 14.5) | 19 (16, 21.5) | 16 (12, 20.5) | 13 (12, 18) | 14 (12, 17.3) | 18 | 0.17 |
| 2 | 12 (11, 14) | 21 (14.5, 24) | 19.5 (13, 26.5) | 17 (13, 22.8) | 14 (11.8, 21) | |||
| Hemoglobin | 1 | 8.2 (7.9, 9) | 6.8 (5.2, 7.5) | 6.8 (5.5, 7.7) | 6.7 (5.9, 7.6) | 7 (5.9, 8) | 18 | 0.25 |
| 2 | 8.2 (6.8, 8.7) | 5.8 (5, 6.8) | 5.6 (5, 7.4) | 6.6 (5.6, 7.9) | 6.7 (5.6, 7.8) | |||
| Hematocrit | 1 | 24 (23, 26.5) | 20 (15.5, 22) | 20 (16, 22.5) | 19.5 (17.3, 22.5) | 20.5 (17.3, 23.5) | 18 | 0.26 |
| 2 | 24 (20, 25.5) | 17 (15, 20) | 16.5 (15, 21.8) | 19.5 (16.5, 23.3) | 19.5 (16.5, 22.8) | |||
| Ionized Calcium | 1 | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) | 1.3 (1.3, 1.3) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | 18 | 0.65 |
| 2 | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) | |||
| BUN | 1 | 5 (3.5, 7) | 5 (4, 9) | 6 (5, 10.5) | 8 (4.5, 12.3) | 8.5 (5.5, 14.3) | 18 | 0.66 |
| 2 | 5 (4, 8) | 6 (4, 8.5) | 5.5 (4.3, 7.8) | 6 (5.8, 8.5) | 7.5 (6.8, 8.8) | |||
| Creatinine | 1 | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 1.7 (1.5, 1.8) | 2 (1.8, 2) | 2.3 (2.2, 2.4) | 2.7 (2.5, 2.8) | 18 | 0.30 |
| 2 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.5) | 1.7 (1.5, 1.9) | 2 (1.7, 2) | 2.4 (2.2, 2.6) | 2.7 (2.5, 2.9) | |||
| Potassium | 1 | 4 (3.8, 4.3) | 4.2 (4, 4.3) | 4.8 (4.4, 5.2) | 5.3 (4.9, 6) | 5.7 (5.4, 7.3) | 18 | 0.15 |
| 2 | 3.9 (3.8, 4) | 4.2 (3.8, 5) | 4.8 (4.4, 5.6) | 5.5 (5.2, 6.8) | 6.6 (6, 8.3) | |||
| Thromboelastography Values | ||||||||
| R (min) | 1 | 7.9 (5.9, 8.8) | 3.7 (3.6, 4.3) | 3.8 (3.4, 4.9) | 4 (3, 5) | 4.3 (3, 4.6) | 18 | 0.27 |
| 2 | 7.4 (6.5, 9.1) | 4.4 (3.4, 5.1) | 3.7 (2.8, 4.7) | 3.4 (2, 10.7) | 3.5 (−10, 6.6) | |||
| K (min) | 1 | 1.4 (1.3, 1.8) | 0.9 (0.9, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 1 (0.8, 1) | 1 (0.8, 1.1) | 18 | 0.03 |
| 2 | 1.6 (1.3, 1.8) | 1 (1, 1.3) | 1 (0.8, 1.4) | 0.9 (0.9, 1.2) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.5) | |||
| Angle (degrees) | 1 | 75.6 (73.6, 77.2) | 79.5 (78.4, 79.7) | 79.7 (78.4, 80.3) | 79.7 (78.9, 80.8) | 79.9 (78.8, 81.5) | 18 | 0.05 |
| 2 | 73.9 (71.8, 76) | 78.5 (75.1, 79.3) | 78.9 (74.2, 80.3) | 78.4 (66.3, 80.9) | 78.2 (74.5, 80.7) | |||
| MA (mm) | 1 | 80.1 (78.7, 81.2) | 76.5 (72.8, 79.1) | 77.2 (74.9, 78.9) | 77.9 (74.7, 78.6) | 77.4 (72.2, 80.9) | 18 | 0.13 |
| 2 | 79 (76.9, 81.5) | 74.7 (66, 77.2) | 75.4 (57.4, 78.4) | 77.4 (55.5, 81.8) | 75.9 (72.7, 78.1) | |||
| LY30 (%) | 1 | 1.7 (1.2, 2.9) | 1.8 (1.4, 3.6) | 1.6 (1.6, 2.9) | 2.2 (1.3, 2.4) | 2.9 (1.4, 3.5) | 18 | 0.69 |
| 2 | 1.4 (0.7, 2.6) | 1.7 (1.3, 2.5) | 2.2 (0.9, 3.6) | 1.1 (0.7, 2) | 2.2 (1.2, 4.7) | |||
Key: grp. = partial REBOA groups, 1 = partial ER-REBOA, 2 = partial pREBOA-PRO.
Values are reported as median values with interquartile ranges and evaluated with a mixed-effects regression model with the empirical robust “sandwich” standard error estimator to compensate for missing data time points.