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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Acad Emerg Med. 2020 Apr 2;27(9):853–865. doi: 10.1111/acem.13955

Table 2.

Outcome comparisons between participants randomized to SynDA tool vs. Control.

Outcome Variable SynDA Group n=24 Control Group n=26 Difference between groups (95%CI)
Patient Reported Outcomes (Index visit)

Amount of Information: n (%)
 1= Too little information 3 (12.5%) 1 (3.8%) −8.7% (−23.8, 6.5)
 2= 0 (0.0%) 2 (7.7%) 7.7% (−2.6, 17.9)
 3= Just Right* 15 (62.5%) 21 (80.8%) 18.3% (−6.3, 43)
 4= 5 (20.8%) 1 (3.8%) −17.0% (−34.8, 0.9)
 5= Too much information 1 (4.2%) 0 (0.0%) −4.2% (−12.2, 3.8)

Clarity of Information: n (%)
 1= Not clear at all 1 (4.2%) 1 (3.8%) −0.3% (−11.2, 10.6)
 2 1 (4.2%) 1 (3.8%) −0.3% (−11.2, 10.6)
 3= Somewhat Clear 4 (16.7%) 4 (15.4%) −1.3% (−21.6, 19.1)
 4 8 (33.3%) 11 (42.3%) 9.0% (−17.8, 35.7)
 5= Extremely Clear* 10 (41.7%) 9 (34.6%) −7.1% (−33.9, 19.8)

Helpfulness of Information: n (%)
 1= Not helpful at all 0 (0%) 2 (7.7%) 7.7% (−2.6, 17.9)
 2= 0 (0%) 1 (3.8%) 3.8% (−3.5, 11.2)
 3= Somewhat helpful 6 (25.0%) 5 (19.2%) −5.8% (−28.8, 17.2)
 4= 5 (20.8%) 8 (30.8%) 9.9% (−14.1, 34.0)
 5= Extremely helpful* 13 (54.2%) 10 (38.5%) −15.7% (−43.0, 11.6)

Decisional Conflict Score (range = 0-10) 8.9 9 0.1 (−0.8, 1.0)

Patient Knowledge, mean (range = 0–9) 5.2 5.3 0.1 (−0.9, 1.1)

Recommend the way of sharing information: n (%)
 1= Strongly recommend* 19 (79.2) 13 (50.0%) −29.2% (−54.3, −4.0)
 2= 4 (16.7) 5 (19.2%) 2.6% (−18.7, 23.8)
 3= Not sure 0 (0%) 2 (7.7%) 7.7% (−2.6, 17.9)
 4= 1 (4.2%) 2 (7.7%) 3.5% (−9.5, 16.5)
 5= Strongly recommend against 0 (0%) 3 (11.5%) 11.5% (−0.7, 23.8)
 Refused 0 (0%) 1 (3.8%) 3.8% (−3.5, 11.2)

Overall Rating of Care, mean (range = 0-10) 8.3 7.6 −0.7 (−1.9, 0.5)

Likelihood to recommend this ER: n, (%)
 -Definitely No 1 (4.2%) 1 (3.8%) −0.3% (−11.2, 10.6)
 -Probably No 1 (4.2%) 1 (3.8%) −0.3% (−11.2, 10.6)
 -Probably Yes 8 (33.3%) 8 (30.8%) −2.6% (−28.5, 23.3)
 -Definitely Yes* 14 (58.3%) 15 (57.7%) −0.6% (−28.0, 26.7)

Provider Reported Outcomes (Index visit)

Amount of Information: n (%)
 1= Too little information 1 (3.8%) 0 (0.0%) 3.8% (−3.5, 11.2)
 2= 3 (11.5%) 1 (4.2%) 7.4% (−7.3, 22.0)
 3= Just Right* 19 (73.1%) 18 (75.0%) −1.9% (−26.2, 22.4)
 4= 3 (11.5%) 5 (20.8%) −9.3% (−29.7, 11.1)
 5= Too much information 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0.0%

Clarity of Information: n (%)
 1= Not clear at all 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0.0%
 2 1 (4.2%) 1 (3.8%) −0.3% (−11.2, 10.6)
 3= Somewhat Clear 0 (0.0%)) 11 (42.3%) 42.3% (23.3, 61.3)
 4 4 (16.7%) 9 (34.6%) 17.9% (−5.6, 41.5)
 5= Extremely Clear* 1 (4.2%) 5 (19.2%) 15.1% (−2.1, 32.2)

Helpfulness of Information: n (%)
 1= Not helpful at all 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0%
 2= 2 (8.3%) 0 (0.0%) −8.3% (−19.4, 2.7)
 3= Somewhat helpful 5 (20.8%) 16 (61.5%) 40.7% (15.9, 65.5)
 4= 10 (41.7%) 7 (26.9%) −14.7% (−40.8, 11.3)
 5= Extremely helpful* 7 (29.2%) 3 (11.5%) −17.6% (−39.6, 4.3)

Would you want to present information about other chief complaints/clinical decisions in the same way? n (%) N/A N/A
 1= Yes, for sure* 8 (33.3%)
 2= 8 (33.3%)
 3= Not sure 5 (20.8%)
 4= 3 (12.5%)
 5= No, not at all 0 (0.0%)

Would you recommend to other providers the way that you presented information today? n (%) N/A N/A
 1= Yes, strongly recommend* 13 (54.2%)
 2= 8 (33.3%)
 3= Not sure 2 (8.3%)
 4= 1 (4.1%)
 5= No, strongly recommend against 0 (0.0%)
*

Desired end of the scale.

SynDA group only.

N/A: Not applicable. ER: Emergency Room;