. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 11.

Published in final edited form as: IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control. 2020 Apr 15;67(9):1811–1819. doi: 10.1109/TUFFC.2020.2988159

TABLE I:

Estimated Saturation Times

Method	Microbubble Concentration (MBs per mL blood)	Time to 90% MB perfusion (seconds)	MB perfusion time adjusted to common blood concentration (seconds)
Dencks et al. [12]	5.56 x 10⁶	101	150
Christensen-Jeffries et al. [7]	5.56 x 10⁶	139	206
Hingot et al. [6]	3.75 x 10⁶	230.4	230.4
ULM CAM saturation	5.6 x 10⁷	21.4	319
Confocal wash-in	5.6 x 10⁷	13	193
Markov-chain (unweighted)	5.6 x 10⁷	1.6	24.5
Markov-chain (distance-weighted)	5.6 x 10⁷	3.5	51.8
Markov-chain (centroid-weighted)	5.6 x 10⁷	5.9	88.3
Markov-chain (distance- and centroid-weighted)	5.6 x 10⁷	12.2	182