Table 3.
Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections by sex. age and HIV status
| Age Group | Males | Females | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV negative | HIV Positive | P value | HIV Negative | HIV Positive | P value | |||||
| % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | |||
| Herpes simplex virus type 2 antibodies | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 7.6 | 5.1–10.1 | 24.1 | 7.2–41 | 0.0051 | 20.4 | 16.8–24.0 | 58.2 | 46.2–70.2 | <0.0001 |
| 20–24 | 17.3 | 13.5–21.0 | 62.3 | 48.9–75.7 | <0.0001 | 45.2 | 40.4–50.0 | 87.8 | 83.5–92.1 | <0.0001 |
| 25–29 | 38.2 | 31.9–44.5 | 86.6 | 79.9–93.4 | <0.0001 | 57.4 | 50.5–64.3 | 93.3 | 90.7–96.0 | <0.0001 |
| 30–34 | 50.5 | 42.3–58.8 | 85.7 | 78.8–92.6 | <0.0001 | 63.0 | 55.6–70.5 | 97.4 | 95.9–98.9 | <0.0001 |
| 35–39 | 51.4 | 41.5–61.3 | 93.5 | 88.4–98.6 | <0.0001 | 67.8 | 59.2–76.4 | 95.9 | 93.3–98.6 | <0.0001 |
| 40–44 | 70.2 | 60.0–80.3 | 93.7 | 89.4–98.1 | <0.0001 | 78.9 | 71.0–86.9 | 98.4 | 96.5–100 | <0.0001 |
| 45–49 | 64.9 | 55.3–74.6 | 99.2 | 98.1–100 | <0.0001 | 88.4 | 84.4–92.3 | 98.3 | 96.8–99.8 | <0.0001 |
| Total | 30.3 | 27.9–32.8 | 86.3 | 83.2–89.5 | <0.0001 | 49.4 | 47.0–51.9 | 93.3 | 92.0–94.5 | <0.0001 |
| Syphilis antibodiesa | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 0.8 | 0.1–1.4 | 1.6 | 0–4.7 | 0.5012 | 0.7 | 0.2–1.1 | 8.4 | 1–15.9 | <0.0001 |
| 20–24 | 2.3 | 0.3–4.2 | 8.0 | 1.8–14.2 | 0.019 | 3.5 | 1.7–5.2 | 8.5 | 5.5–11.4 | 0.0013 |
| 25–29 | 1.8 | 0–3.9 | 4.4 | 0–9.0 | 0.2415 | 2.1 | 0.3–3.9 | 5.1 | 2.4–7.8 | 0.0753 |
| 30–34 | 2.9 | 0–6.3 | 2.3 | 0.2–4.5 | 0.7531 | 1.4 | 0–2.8 | 3.5 | 1.4–5.5 | 0.0938 |
| 35–39 | 4.4 | 0–8.9 | 3.3 | 0.5–6.1 | 0.6684 | 1.5 | 0–3.1 | 1.7 | 0.5–3.0 | 0.8095 |
| 40–44 | 2.1 | 0–4.3 | 3.6 | 0.5–6.7 | 0.4451 | 2.6 | 0–5.7 | 3.8 | 1.8–5.8 | 0.5756 |
| 45–49 | 2.8 | 0.6–4.9 | 2.3 | 0–5.5 | 0.8142 | 3.3 | 1.1–5.5 | 0.6 | 0–1.4 | 0.0132 |
| Total | 2.1 | 1.2–2.9 | 3.5 | 2.2–4.9 | 0.0659 | 2.1 | 1.4–2.7 | 4.2 | 3.3–5.1 | <0.0001 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 0.8 | 0.2–1.5 | 3.5 | 0–8.3 | 0.0578 | 3.1 | 1.6–4.6 | 12.7 | 5.3–20.1 | 0.0002 |
| 20–24 | 2.6 | 1–4.3 | 5.4 | 0–11.0 | 0.2451 | 4.0 | 2.2–5.8 | 11.9 | 7.9–15.8 | 0.0001 |
| 25–29 | 1.7 | 0.2–3.1 | 5.7 | 0.7–10.8 | 0.0468 | 3.5 | 0.8–6.2 | 5.2 | 2.6–7.8 | 0.3831 |
| 30–34 | 3.4 | 0–7.0 | 1.4 | 0.1–2.8 | 0.2143 | 0.5 | 0–1.0 | 4.6 | 2.2–6.9 | <0.0001 |
| 35–39 | 0.4 | 0–1.0 | 0.5 | 0–1.6 | 0.808 | 0.6 | 0–1.4 | 1.9 | 0.8–3.0 | 0.0821 |
| 40–44 | 1.3 | 0–3.3 | 0.2 | 0–0.6 | 0.0965 | 1.6 | 0–4.4 | 2.6 | 0.5–4.6 | 0.6249 |
| 45–49 | - | - | - | - | 0.6 | 0–1.3 | 1.6 | 0.2–3.1 | 0.1638 | |
| Total | 1.7 | 0.9–2.5 | 2.0 | 0.9–3.1 | 0.5706 | 2.6 | 2.0–3.3 | 5.1 | 4.1–6.1 | <0.0001 |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 4.6 | 2.6–6.5 | - | - | 14 | 11.2–16.8 | 15.3 | 6.7–23.9 | 0.7724 | |
| 20–24 | 8.7 | 6.2–11.2 | 7.9 | 0–16.6 | 0.8772 | 16.5 | 13.1–19.9 | 13.9 | 9.7–18.0 | 0.3631 |
| 25–29 | 6.4 | 3.9–8.9 | 10.6 | 4.4–16.7 | 0.1561 | 7.7 | 4.8–10.6 | 11.8 | 8.1–15.5 | 0.0715 |
| 30–34 | 8.3 | 3.2–13.4 | 1.8 | 0.4–3.3 | 0.0006 | 3.5 | 1.1–5.9 | 6.1 | 3.9–8.4 | 0.1527 |
| 35–39 | 1.9 | 0.4–3.5 | 0.8 | 0–1.7 | 0.2101 | 2.6 | 1.1–4.2 | 5.5 | 2.6–8.4 | 0.0393 |
| 40–44 | - | - | 1.9 | 0–3.8 | - | 2.3 | 0.1–4.4 | 2.8 | 0.7–5.0 | 0.7281 |
| 45–49 | - | - | 1.2 | 0–3.5 | - | 0.7 | 0–1.5 | 1.3 | 0–2.7 | 0.4375 |
| Total | 5.7 | 4.5–6.8 | 3.5 | 2.0–5.0 | 0.048 | 9.8 | 8.6–11.1 | 7.9 | 6.5–9.2 | 0.0371 |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 0.5 | 0–1.1 | 1.6 | 0–4.7 | 0.289 | 10.9 | 8.3–13.5 | 15.1 | 7.7–22.4 | 0.2662 |
| 20–24 | 1.7 | 0.4–2.9 | 3.5 | 0–7.4 | 0.2603 | 10.0 | 7.3–12.7 | 18.5 | 14.3–22.7 | 0.0001 |
| 25–29 | 1.4 | 0.4–2.4 | 8.2 | 2.4–13.9 | 0.0001 | 7.1 | 4.6–9.5 | 19.3 | 14.8–23.8 | <0.0001 |
| 30–34 | 4.2 | 0.4–7.9 | 4.5 | 0.7–8.2 | 0.9078 | 6.5 | 3.3–9.7 | 13.3 | 9.7–16.9 | 0.0051 |
| 35–39 | 5.0 | 1.8–8.2 | 8.1 | 2.2–14.0 | 0.3344 | 11.0 | 6.2–15.7 | 20.5 | 15.3–25.7 | 0.0107 |
| 40–44 | 10.2 | 5–15.3 | 12.0 | 6.2–17.7 | 0.6566 | 11.1 | 5.7–16.6 | 18.6 | 13.6–23.5 | 0.0467 |
| 45–49 | 6.7 | 1.4–12 | 6.1 | 2–10.2 | 0.8596 | 17.6 | 12.1–23.1 | 22.0 | 16.4–27.7 | 0.2632 |
| Total | 2.6 | 1.8–3.3 | 7.3 | 5.1–9.4 | <0.0001 | 10.3 | 8.9–11.8 | 18.1 | 16.0–20.2 | <0.0001 |
| Mycoplasma genitalium | ||||||||||
| 15–19 | 1.7 | 0.6–2.7 | 6.6 | 0–14.7 | 0.0375 | 4.8 | 2.8–6.8 | 9.5 | 3.6–15.4 | 0.0747 |
| 20–24 | 2.7 | 1.4–4 | 7.3 | 1.4–13.3 | 0.0353 | 6.6 | 4.3–9 | 12.0 | 8.2–15.9 | 0.0069 |
| 25–29 | 9.1 | 5.5–12.6 | 9.7 | 5–14.4 | 0.8208 | 5.3 | 2.8–7.8 | 8.7 | 5.4–11.9 | 0.1083 |
| 30–34 | 7.2 | 3–11.4 | 14.5 | 8.4–20.6 | 0.0544 | 3.1 | 0.6–5.6 | 3.8 | 1.8–5.9 | 0.6673 |
| 35–39 | 5.8 | 1.8–9.9 | 10.4 | 4.9–15.9 | 0.2126 | 1.7 | 0–3.6 | 6.4 | 3.3–9.5 | 0.0172 |
| 40–44 | 3.3 | 0–7.2 | 5.2 | 2.5–7.9 | 0.4453 | 1.4 | 0–3.2 | 2.8 | 1.2–4.5 | 0.3104 |
| 45–49 | 2.6 | 0–6.6 | 2.8 | 0.2–5.3 | 0.9365 | 0.9 | 0–2.4 | 1.3 | 0–2.7 | 0.7629 |
| Total | 4.4 | 3.3–5.5 | 9.2 | 7.2–11.2 | <0.0001 | 4.4 | 3.3–5.4 | 6.4 | 5.2–7.5 | 0.0086 |
a=
qualitative detection of antibodies suggestive of a past or current infection