TABLE 5.

Associations of parental caffeine intake with obesity and central obesity at 5 and 9 y¹

	Overweight/obese (IOTF)		Central obesity (WC > 90th percentile)
	Year 5	Year 9	Year 5	Year 9
P	0.85 (0.65, 1.11)	1.33 (0.97, 1.82)T	1.20 (0.87, 1.66)	1.001 (0.52, 1.92)
M	1.32 (1.11, 1.57)**	1.44 (1.10, 1.88)**	1.28 (1.02, 1.60)*	1.62 (1.12, 2.34)*

¹Regressions were adjusted for maternal socio-economic status, education attainment, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption during periconceptional period, age at recruitment, parity, prepregnancy BMI; regressions for different caffeine sources were additionally mutually adjusted for each other; the outcomes were intrinsically adjusted for child gender and age at measurement. Values are OR (95% CI) from logistic regressions; only performed for maternal and paternal exposure due to insufficient cases for grandparental exposure. Sample size: Year 5 (BMI: P = 214; M = 558) (WC: P = 212; M = 557). Year 9 (BMI: P = 145; M = 283) (WC: P = 137; M = 269). P, paternal; M, maternal.

^TP = 0.08, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.