Table 2.
Provider Perceptions Regarding Supplies, Treatment of Patients With COVID-19, and Concerns by Region
| Perception | East Asia and Pacific (n = 243) | Europe and Central Asia (n = 630) | Latin America and the Caribbean (n = 45) | Middle East and North Africa (n = 50) | North America (n = 1,696) | South Asia (n = 27) | Sub-Saharan Africa (n = 9) | Total (N = 2,700) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Perceived lack of ICU resources by region | ||||||||
| Shortages reported | ||||||||
| Intensivists | 40 (18) | 115 (20) | 15 (37) | 13 (29) | 191 (11) | 7 (30) | 4 (50) | 385 (15) |
| ICU nurses | 52 (24) | 277 (47) | 15 (37) | 14 (31) | 432 (27) | 13 (57) | 3 (38) | 806 (32) |
| ICU beds | 25 (13) | 63 (13) | 11 (34) | 10 (29) | 150 (11) | 10 (50) | 3 (50) | 272 (13) |
| PPE availability limited | ||||||||
| Gloves | 22 (10) | 27 (5) | 4 (11) | 5 (11) | 4 (3) | 0 (0) | 2 (24) | 101 (4) |
| Gowns | 56 (26) | 133 (24) | 11 (29) | 16 (37) | 348 (24) | 8 (36) | 6 (75) | 578 (24) |
| Surgical masks | 34 (16) | 70 (12) | 4 (10) | 6 (14) | 201 (14) | 1(5) | 4 (50) | 320 (13) |
| Eye protection | 95 (45) | 213 (38) | 18 (47) | 22 (51) | 561 (37) | 13 (59) | 7 (87) | 929 (39) |
| Face shields | 117 (57) | 256 (45) | 20 (53) | 23 (54) | 627 (42) | 11 (50) | 6 (75) | 1,050 (44) |
| N95 masks | 127 (60) | 285 (53) | 17 (45) | 26 (61) | 877 (58) | 14 (64) | 6 (75) | 1,362 (57) |
| PAPRs | 80 (38) | 147 (27) | 9 (24) | 13 (31) | 825 (55) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1,075 (46) |
| Ventilator supplies limited | ||||||||
| Mechanical ventilation | 21 (10) | 87 (17) | 11 (31) | 13 (34) | 102 (7) | 6 (27) | 3 (43) | 243 (11) |
| NIPPV | 29 (14) | 156 (30) | 20 (57) | 15 (38) | 239 (17) | 10 (45) | 3 (43) | 472 (21) |
| HFNC | 29 (14) | 189 (37) | 15 (43) | 14 (37) | 271 (19) | 9 (41) | 0 (0) | 527 (23) |
| Changes in resource use and provider concerns | ||||||||
| Limiting mechanical ventilation | 32 (16) 161 (31) | 7 (20) | 13 (33) | 140 (10) | 7 (32) | 2 (29) | 362 (16) | |
| CPR policy changes | ||||||||
| Unchanged | 59 (29) | 210 (41) | 12 (34) | 16 (41) | 460 (32) | 7 (32) | 2 (29) | 766 (34) |
| New policy implemented | 83 (41) | 198 (38) | 11 (31) | 12 (31) | 547 (38) | 5 (23) | 2 (29) | 858 (38) |
| No policy change but practice has changed | 59 (29) | 109 (21) | 12 (34) | 11 (28) | 421 (29) | 10 (45) | 3 (43) | 625 (28) |
| CPR in patients with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Not performed | 18 (9) | 19 (4) | 7 (20) | 4 (10) | 17 (1) | 5 (23) | 4 (57) | 74 (3) |
| Physicians determine | 123 (61) | 368 (71) | 21 (60) | 22 (56) | 450 (32) | 15 (68) | 3 (43) | 1,002 (45) |
| Families determine | 60 (30) | 130 (25) | 7 (20) | 13 (33) | 961 (67) | 2 (9) | 0 (0) | 1,173 (52) |
| Allow families to participate in critical decisions for patients with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| More than other patients in the ICU | 14 (7) | 17 (3) | 1 (3) | 5 (13) | 74 (5) | 4 (18) | 3 (43) | 118 (5) |
| Same as other patients in the ICU | 165 (82) | 386 (75) | 24 (71) | 25 (64) | 1,189 (84) | 13 (59) | 3 (43) | 1,805 (81) |
| Less than other patients in the ICU | 21 (10) | 112 (22) | 9 (26) | 9 (23) | 155 (11) | 5 (23) | 1 (14) | 312 (14) |
| Palliative care consultations for patients with COVID-19 | ||||||||
| ≥ 50% of patients | 9 (5) | 31 (6) | 1 (3) | 5 (14) | 411 (30) | 1 (5) | 1 (17) | 459 (21) |
| < 50% of patients | 42 (22) | 111 (22) | 9 (26) | 4 (11) | 416 (31) | 0 (0) | 2 (33) | 584 (27) |
| Did not consult palliative care specialists | 83 (44) | 249 (50) | 11 (32) | 15 (43) | 105 (8) | 7 (35) | 1 (17) | 471 (22) |
| No palliative care specialists available | 19 (10) | 59 (12) | 9 (26) | 7 (20) | 48 (4) | 11 (55) | 2 (33) | 155 (7) |
| Not sure | 36 (19) | 48 (10) | 4 (12) | 4 (11) | 376 (28) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 469 (22) |
| Palliative care consultations | ||||||||
| More than before pandemic | 6 (12) | 26 (18) | 3 (30) | 3 (33) | 371 (45) | 1 (100) | 1 (33) | 411 (39) |
| Provider concerns | ||||||||
| Emotional distress and burnout | 73 (30) | 305 (48) | 19 (42) | 22 (44) | 974 (57) | 9 (33) | 3 (33) | 1,405 (52) |
| Worried about infecting family at home | 122 (50) | 345 (55) | 21 (47) | 25 (50) | 1,119 (66) | 17 (63) | 5 (56) | 1,654 (61) |
| Worried about own health | 10 (31) | 80 (50) | 3 (43) | 5 (38) | 91 (65) | 6 (86) | 1 (50) | 196 (54) |
| Social stigma from community | 37 (15) | 91 (14) | 6 (13) | 7 (14) | 434 (26) | 4 (15) | 0 (0) | 579 (21) |
| Feel that hospital unable to keep me safe | 36 (15) | 107 (17) | 7 (16) | 7 (14) | 433 (26) | 6 (22) | 2 (22) | 598 (22) |
| Poor communication from supervisors | 30 (12) | 134 (21) | 3 (7) | 8 (16) | 366 (22) | 4 (15) | 2 (22) | 547 (20) |
| Worries about financial situation | 20 (8) | 36 (6) | 11 (24) | 6 (12) | 212 (13) | 6 (22) | 0 (0) | 292 (11) |
Data are presented as No. (%). The number of respondents in each category is slightly different because of missing data and some responses being optional. HFNC = high-flow nasal cannula; NIPPV = noninvasive positive pressure ventilation; PAPR = powered air-purifying respirator; PPE = personal protective equipment. See Table 1 legend for expansion of other abbreviation.