Figure 2.

Annual cost per treated hypertension patient in hypertension management programmes (2017 US$). Notes: Estimates from 21 studies. LLMICs: India, Kenya and Pakistan; UMICs: Argentina, Brazil, China, Malaysia, Mexico and South Africa. ‘Pharm only’ indicates interventions where pharmacotherapy is the only treatment element. ‘Pharm plus’ indicates combination programmes that incorporate other forms of treatment for hypertension in addition to medications. ‘Other’ indicates interventions that did not evaluate changes in pharmacological treatment. LMICs, low-income and middle-income countries; LLMICs, low-income and lower-middle-income countries; UMICs, upper-middle-income countries; US$, US dollars.