Table 5.
Cox proportional hazard models exploring time to conversion from NDH to T2DM for patients by baseline characteristics
| HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Males | Ref | |
| Females | 0.97 (0.95 to 0.99) | 0.009 |
| Age group (years) | ||
| 18–44 | Ref | |
| 45–54 | 1.20 (1.15 to 1.25) | <0.001 |
| 55–64 | 1.10 (1.06 to 1.14) | <0.001 |
| 65–74 | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) | 0.13 |
| 75–84 | 0.86 (0.82 to 0.90) | <0.001 |
| ≥85 | 0.65 (0.60 to 0.71) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol categories (%) | ||
| <3 | 1.04 (0.95 to 1.16) | 0.391 |
| 3–4 | 1.03 (0.99 to 1.07) | 0.165 |
| 4–5 | Ref | |
| 5–6 | 0.94 (0.92 to 0.98) | 0.001 |
| ≥6 | 0.92 (0.89 to 0.95) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 0.91 (0.89 to 0.94) | <0.001 |
| Smoking status | ||
| Non smoker | Ref | |
| Current smoker | 1.07 (1.03 to 1.11) | <0.001 |
| Ex- smoker | 0.98 (0.96 to 1.01) | 0.312 |
| missing | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) | 0.338 |
| BMI categories (kg/m2) | ||
| <18.5 | 0.59 (0.44 to 0.78) | <0.001 |
| 18.5–25 | Ref | |
| 25–30 | 1.40 (1.33 to 1.48) | <0.001 |
| ≥30 | 2.02 (1.92 to 2.13) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 1.44 (1.37 to 1.52) | <0.001 |
| Depression | 1.10 (1.07 to 1.13) | <0.001 |
| CCI Score | ||
| None | Ref | |
| 1–2 | 1.11 (1.08 to 1.15) | <0.001 |
| 3–4 | 0.98 (0.68 to 1.43) | 0.934 |
| >4 | 1.67 (0.99 to 2.81) | 0.057 |
| Patient-level deprivation index | ||
| Quintile 1(most affluent) |
Ref | |
| Quintile 2 | 1.08 (1.03 to 1.13) | 0.002 |
| Quintile 3 | 1.03 (0.98 to 1.08) | 0.237 |
| Quintile 4 | 1.12 (1.07 to 1.18) | <0.001 |
| Quintile 5 (least affluent) |
1.17 (1.11 to 1.24) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 1.13 (1.09 to 1.18) | <0.001 |
| Year trend | 0.94 (0.94 to 0.95) | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; NDH, non-diabetic hyperglycaemia; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.