. 2019 Oct 17;10(7):863–870. doi: 10.1177/2192568219882350

Table 3.

Odds Ratio of Scoring Criteria as Independent Predictors of PJK.

Dependent Variable	Covariate	OR [95% CI]	P
Age	<55 years	Ref	—
Age	>55 years	2.525 [1.633-3.903]
LIV	LIV within spine	Ref	—
LIV	LIV within pelvis	5.165 [2.851-9.358]
Upper thoracic UIV	Lumbar UIV	Ref	—
Upper thoracic UIV	Upper thoracic UIV	4.632 [1.345-15.954]
Lower thoracic UIV	Lumbar UIV	Ref	—
Lower thoracic UIV	Lower thoracic UIV	8.239 [2.377-28.552]
Correction	▵ Lordosis >10°	Ref	—
Correction	▵ Lordosis <10°	1.590 [1.060-2.395]

Abbreviations: PJK, proximal junctional kyphosis; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; LIV, lower-most instrumented vertebra; UIV, upper-most instrumented vertebra.