Table 5.
Significance of background characteristics on usage of herbal medicines (HMs)
| Characteristics | Use of HM | Non-use of HM | Total (100%) | P value |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 18–29 | 274 (85.1%) | 48 (14.9%) | 322 | p=0.005* χ2=12.996 df=3 |
| 30–49 | 474 (86.7%) | 73 (13.3%) | 547 | |
| 50–69 | 289 (80.7%) | 69 (19.3%) | 358 | |
| 70 and >70 | 38 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 38 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 641 (89.9%) | 72 (10.1%) | 713 | p<0.001* χ2=31.008 df=1 |
| Female | 434 (78.6%) | 118 (21.4%) | 552 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 | |
| Level of Education | ||||
| No formal education | 169 (88.5%) | 22 (11.5%) | 191 | p=0.001* χ2=16.670 df=3 |
| Primary | 224 (91.4%) | 21 (8.6%) | 245 | |
| Secondary | 287 (84.4%) | 53 (15.6%) | 340 | |
| Tertiary | 395 (80.8%) | 94 (19.2%) | 489 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 | |
| Religion | ||||
| Christianity | 751 (85.4%) | 128 (14.6%) | 879 | p=0.009* χ2=9.493 df=2 |
| Islam | 284 (82.1%) | 62 (17.9%) | 346 | |
| African traditional | 40 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 40 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 | |
| Annual Income | ||||
| Low income† | 890 (85.8%) | 147 (14.2%) | 1037 | p<0.001* χ2 =36.366 df=2 |
| Middle income‡ | 158 (88.3%) | 21 (11.7%) | 179 | |
| High income§ | 27 (55.1%) | 22 (44.9%) | 49 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 | |
| Occupation | ||||
| Student | 69 (82.1%) | 15 (17.9%) | 84 | p<0.001* χ2=26.701 df=4 |
| Civil servant | 395 (80.4%) | 96 (19.6%) | 491 | |
| Farmer | 76 (100.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 76 | |
| Business | 431 (86.0%) | 70 (14.0%) | 501 | |
| Others | 104 (92.0%) | 9 (8.0%) | 113 | |
| Total | 1075 (85.0%) | 190 (15.0%) | 1265 |
*Significant association.
†(≤600 000 naira).
‡(601 000–2.4 million naira).
§(≥2.4 million naira).