Table 1.
Demographics of the mothers and infants in the skin-to-skin contact (SSC) and control groups and SSC hours/day provided in the infants’ first week and weeks 2 through 4.
| Mother variables | Skin-to-skin contact group | Control group |
|---|---|---|
| Age in years* | M = 31.7 (SD = 5.9) | M = 28.3 (SD = 4.2) |
| SES | M = 49.9 (SD = 14.0) | M = 49.7 (SD = 11.1) |
| Education | M = 3.4 (SD = 0.7) | M = 3.1 (SD = 0.9) |
| 1 = without high school diploma | ||
| 2 = high school diploma only | ||
| 3 = some university/post-secondary education | ||
| 4 = university degree | ||
| Number of other children | M = 1.1 (SD = 0.7) | M = 1.2 (SD = 0.7) |
| 1 = no previous child | ||
| 2 = 1 previous child | ||
| 3 = 2 or more previous children | ||
| Race/ethnicity | 100% non-Hispanic White | 98% non-Hispanic White, 2% Asian |
| Infant variables | ||
| Sex | 48% male | 48% male |
| Birth weight in grams | M = 3,640.9 (SD = 439.4) | M = 3,608.7 (SD = 593.3) |
| Birth length in centimeters | M = 52.6 (SD = 2.4) | M = 52.5 (SD = 2.5) |
| Apgar at 5 min | M = 9.9 (SD = 0.3) | M = 9.8 (SD = 0.6) |
| SSC provided | ||
| Infants’ first week* | M = 5.03 (SD = 1.33) | M = 0.46 (SD = 0.85) |
| Infants’ weeks 2 through 4* | M = 2.66 (SD = 1.22) | M = 0.15 (SD = 0.32) |
*
SSC and control groups were significantly different (p < 0.01).
Socio-economic status (SES) scores of the mother or her partner, whoever had the higher score, on a Canadian index (Blishen et al., 1987). Table adapted from Bigelow et al. (2012, p. 376). Copyright © 2012 with permission from AWHONN, Association of Women’s Health, Obstetric, and Neonatal Nurses.