Table 3.
Most recent NYHA class by demographic, surgery and follow-up characteristics.
| Variable | Most recent NYHA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class I (n = 172) | Class II (n = 19) | P value | |||
| n | % | n | % | ||
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 93 | 86.9 | 14 | 13.1 | 0.08 |
| Male | 79 | 94.0 | 5 | 6 | |
| Age category at time of surgery | |||||
| Children (0–15 years) | 73 | 90.1 | 8 | 9.9 | 0.978 |
| Adult (>15 years) | 99 | 90 | 11 | 10 | |
| Ubudehe Category | |||||
| Category 1 (poorest) | 26 | 96.3 | 1 | 3.7 | 0.532 |
| Category 2 | 63 | 86.3 | 10 | 13.7 | |
| Category 3 | 80 | 90.9 | 8 | 9.1 | |
| Category 4 (wealthiest) | 3 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
| Current Occupation | |||||
| Employed | 48 | 84.2 | 9 | 15.8 | 0.276 |
| In school+ | 69 | 94.5 | 4 | 5.5 | |
| Other | 10 | 90.9 | 1 | 9.1 | |
| School age but not at School | 11 | 84.6 | 2 | 15.4 | |
| Unemployed | 34 | 91.9 | 3 | 8.1 | |
| Preoperative NYHA | |||||
| Class I | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.620 |
| Class II | 63 | 87.5 | 9 | 12.5 | |
| Class III | 82 | 92.1 | 7 | 7.9 | |
| Class IV | 27 | 90.0 | 3 | 10.0 | |
| Year of surgery | |||||
| 2006–2009 | 108 | 92.3 | 9 | 7.7 | 0.168 |
| 2010–2013 | 49 | 89.1 | 6 | 10.9 | |
| 2014–2017 | 15 | 78.9 | 4 | 21.1 | |
| Place of surgery* | |||||
| Rwanda | 117 | 91.4 | 11 | 8.6 | 0.306 |
| India | 36 | 83.7 | 7 | 16.3 | |
| Other | 18 | 94.9 | 1 | 5.1 | |
| Type of surgery** | |||||
| Bioprosthetic valve | 24 | 80 | 6 | 20 | 0.134 |
| Mechanical valve | 138 | 84.9 | 13 | 15.1 | |
| Valve repair | 8 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
| Number of valves operated*** | |||||
| One valve | 117 | 92.1 | 10 | 7.9 | 0.255 |
| Two valves | 45 | 84.9 | 8 | 15.1 | |
| Three valves | 6 | 100 | 0 | 0 | |
| Province | |||||
| Eastern | 50 | 89.3 | 6 | 10.7 | 0.253 |
| Kigali City | 35 | 97.2 | 1 | 2.8 | |
| Northern | 34 | 82.9 | 7 | 17.1 | |
| Southern | 30 | 88.2 | 4 | 11.8 | |
| Western | 23 | 95.8 | 1 | 4.2 | |
* 1 patient missing data, ** 2 patients missing data, *** 5 patients missing data, + refers to patients who reported attending primary, secondary of tertiary level education on full time basis.