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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 11.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Biol. 2019 Jul 30;25(2):e12811. doi: 10.1111/adb.12811

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Genome-wide association studies of opioid-overdose severity among four cohorts, including Yale-Penn1 and Yale-Penn2, each of which included both African Americans (AAs) and European Americans (EAs). The three panels display the Manhattan plots (left) and qq plots (right) for the meta-analysis of both population groups, and the AA and EA cohorts separately. Four SNPs reached genome-wide significance; three SNPs (rs115208233, rs116181528 and rs114077267) on chromosome 19 are specific to the AA population and map to MCOLN1, close to PNPLA6. Another SNP (rs369098800) is on chromosome 2, ~471kb away from DDX18. On chromosome 4, a suggestive significant association peak close to gene C4orf22 was seen in the meta-analysis of EA and AA.