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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Sep 11.
Published in final edited form as: Addict Biol. 2019 Jul 30;25(2):e12811. doi: 10.1111/adb.12811

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Regional Manhattan plots displaying one independent signal associated with opioid overdose (OpOD) severity on the locus MCOLN1. Three panels illustrate the association signals that emerged from the meta-analysis of all European Americans (EAs) and African Americans (AAs) and in the meta-analysis of EAs and AAs separately. Three genome-wide significant SNPs specific to the AA population map to MCOLN1: rs115208233, rs116181528 and rs114077267. Among these, rs115208233 is the lead SNP and rs114077267 is in the promoter region of MCOLN1. Two other AA-specific SNPs, rs116362433 (an intronic SNP of MCOLN1) and rs115515588 (a promoter SNP of PNPLA6), were nominally associated with OpOD severity (all P values ~5×10−6). One SNP, rs2081195, located in the intronic region of PNPLA6, was nominally significantly associated with OpOD severity in EAs (P=1.4×10−4). Note: the SNPs are colored to reflect the linkage disequilibrium (R2) with the lead SNP (rs115208233 for EAs and EAs+AAs; rs2081195 for EAs) based on the African (for AAs and EAs+AAs) or European (for EAs) population data from the 1000 Genomes Project. The light blue line and right Y-axis indicate the observed recombination rate estimated from HapMap samples. Only association signals existing in ≥2 cohorts are plotted.