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. 2020 Aug 28;7:146. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00146

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Copyright © 2020 Otsuka, Villiger, Nadkarni and Bouma.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Polarization properties of calcification. Median birefringence and depolarization were measured in calcified areas, manually segmented in the intensity images. Segmented areas were classified according to the presence or absence of lipid in the surrounding lesion (calcification within fibrous tissue or calcification within lipid). (A1–A4) IVP of calcification in fibrous tissue and segmentation of the calcified area. (B1–B4) Calcification in lipid-rich tissue. (C) Calcified areas in fibrous tissue exhibit lower birefringence than those in lipid-rich lesions (p < 0.001). (D) Higher depolarization was observed in calcified areas in lipid-rich tissue than in those located in fibrous tissue (p < 0.001). Adapted from Otsuka et al. (35).