Table 3. Associations between epigenetic aging measures and COPD.

Epigenetic aging measure	OR	LCI	UCI	P
AAD	1.00	0.99	1.02	0.63
EEAD	1.01	1.00	1.03	0.04
ΔAAD	1.01	0.98	1.03	0.62
ΔEEAD	1.02	1.00	1.04	0.04

Adjustments for the epigenetic aging models are shown in Table 2. Associations are presented per 5-year change in the epigenetic aging measure. AAD = Age Acceleration Difference; EEAD = Extrinsic Epigenetic Age Acceleration Difference; LCI = lower 95% confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; P = p-value; UCI = upper 95% confidence interval; ΔAAD = change in AAD between baseline and follow-up; ΔEEAD = change in EEAD between baseline and follow-up.