Table 2. Impact of demographic factors on vaccine hesitancy, novel coronavirus (COVID-19) risk perceptions, social distancing, and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance, online survey panel, US, March 2020.
| Demographic Variable | Perceived risk | Social distancing | |
|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Participant's gender | Male | ref | ref |
| Female | -3.5% (-7.7%, 0.7%) | 0.81 (0.58, 1.13) | |
| Participant's residence | Rural | 6.5% (2.0%, 10.9%) | 0.87 (0.61, 1.23) |
| Urban | ref | ref | |
| Participant's generation | Baby boomer and silent generation (≥56 years) | -10.6% (-16.2%, -5.0%) | 1.64 (1.05, 2.56) |
| GenX (40–55 years) | -7.1% (-12.6%, -1.5%) | 1.12 (0.73, 1.73) | |
| Millennial (24–39 years) | ref | ref | |
| GenZ (18–23 years) | -1.1% (-9.0%, 6.8%) | 0.79 (0.43, 1.44) | |
| Participant's race/ethnicity | Non-Hispanic White | ref | ref |
| Non-Hispanic Black | -11.5% (-20.1%, -2.8%) | 1.00 (0.52, 1.95) | |
| Hispanic | -1.0% (-9.2%, 7.1%) | 1.04 (0.56, 1.93) | |
| Other | -1.5% (-9.2%, 6.2%) | 1.45 (0.77, 2.73) | |
| Monthly family income | <$2,000 | 3.6% (-2.4%, 9.6%) | 0.67 (0.42, 1.06) |
| $2,000-$4,999 | ref | ref | |
| $5,000-$9,999 | 3.4% (-2.0%, 8.7%) | 1.07 (0.70, 1.65) | |
| ≥$10,000 | 8.5% (2.4%, 14.5%) | 1.02 (0.63, 1.66) | |
| Political affiliation | Republican | -0.3% (-5.6%, 5.0%) | 0.90 (0.59, 1.37) |
| Democrat | 5.5% (0.5%, 10.6%) | 0.98 (0.65, 1.46) | |
| Independent | ref | ref | |