Table 6. Changes in inflammatory cytokines during the 12-week follow-up.
| Baseline | Nebivolol group (n = 12) | Diltiazem group (n = 12) | Combination group (n = 11) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interleukin-6 | 2.07±0.95 | 1.72±0.68 | 1.78±0.99 | 0.610 |
| TNF-α | 14.44±5.26 | 17.09±6.87 | 19.15±6.35 | 0.222 |
| hsCRP | 3.41±2.39 | 3.72±2.63 | 3.03±1.89 | 0.776 |
| sVCAM-1 | 1193.5±335.8 | 1073.7±343.3 | 1151.3±374.5 | 0.710 |
| sICAM-1 | 461.6±109.8 | 501.6±223.3 | 469.3±111.3 | 0.816 |
| Adiponectin | 7.37±2.57 | 6.77±1.81 | 8.77±1.96 | 0.087 |
| 12 weeks | Nebivolol group (n = 10) | Diltiazem group (n = 10) | Combination group (n = 9) | p-value |
| Interleukin-6 | 1.53±0.82 | 1.80±0.55 | 2.01±0.99 | 0.436 |
| TNF-α | 16.35±5.25 | 16.67±5.42 | 16.73±7.12 | 0.989 |
| hsCRP | 1.95±1.07 | 2.52±1.26 | 2.21±1.08 | 0.547 |
| sVCAM-1 | 1124.6±266.5 | 1057.4±230.3 | 1021.1±228.0 | 0.644 |
| sICAM-1 | 462.7±91.0 | 543.8±96.0 | 466.6±95.6 | 0.118 |
| Adiponectin | 9.24±2.07 | 9.29±2.25 | 10.75±2.48 | 0.279 |
| Changes in levels of inflammatory markers between V1 and V5 | ||||
| Delta changes in Interleukin-6 | -0.44±1.48 | 0.07±0.91 | 0.41±1.65 | 0.406 |
| Delta changes in TNF a | 2.14±7.13 | -2.19±8.44 | -3.13±10.30 | 0.373 |
| Delta changes in hsCRP | -1.43±3.10 | -1.07±3.71 | -0.34±1.67 | 0.728 |
| Delta changes in sVCAM-1 | -87.3±405.3 | -11.0±253.5 | -124.8±410.9 | 0.783 |
| Delta changes in sICAM-1 | -15.2±146.2 | 10.8±239.8 | 24.5±124.9 | 0.886 |
| Delta changes in Adiponectin | 1.69±3.61 | 2.22±3.19 | 1.60±2.65 | 0.897 |
Values are presented as number of patients (%) or mean±standard deviation. TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; sVCAM-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1; sICAM-1, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1.