Table 2. Characteristics of the NSW and WA study populations.
| Patients admitted1, n (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 2012 to June 2014, NSW | July 2012 to June 2014, WA | |||||||
| n | % | At least one comorbidity (%) | Count of comorbidities, mean (95% CI) | n | % | At least one comorbidity (%) | Count of comorbidities, mean (95% CI) | |
| Total patients | 233521 | 84877 | ||||||
| Age group (years) | ||||||||
| 0–14 years | 31730 | 13.6 | 1.5 | 0.02 (0.01 to 0.02) | 13106 | 15.4 | 1.9 | 0.02 (0.02 to 0.02) |
| 15–24 years | 33888 | 14.5 | 11.0 | 0.13 (0.13 to 0.14) | 13676 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 0.18 (0.17 to 0.19) |
| 25–44 years | 51737 | 22.2 | 13.5 | 0.17 (0.17 to 0.18) | 22617 | 26.6 | 18.6 | 0.23 (0.22 to 0.23) |
| 45–64 years | 44501 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 0.25 (0.24 to 0.26) | 16344 | 19.3 | 21.6 | 0.29 (0.28 to 0.30) |
| 65–84 years | 44948 | 19.2 | 33.2 | 0.51 (0.50 to 0.52) | 12598 | 14.8 | 36.0 | 0.55 (0.54 to 0.57) |
| 85 and over | 26717 | 11.4 | 38.2 | 0.60 (0.59 to 0.62) | 6536 | 7.7 | 41.5 | 0.64 (0.62 to 0.66) |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male2 | 131598 | 56.4 | 16.2 | 0.23 (0.23 to 0.24) | 49994 | 58.9 | 18.0 | 0.24 (0.24 to 0.25) |
| Female | 101923 | 43.6 | 22.7 | 0.33 (0.32 to 0.33) | 34883 | 41.1 | 24.0 | 0.33 (0.32 to 0.34) |
| Injury severity3 | ||||||||
| Serious injury (ICISS<0.941) | 30265 | 13.0 | 35.5 | 0.57 (0.56 to 0.59) | 9566 | 11.3 | 38.3 | 0.60 (0.58 to 0.62) |
| Other injury (ICISS> = 0.941) | 203256 | 87.0 | 16.6 | 0.23 (0.23 to 0.23) | 75311 | 88.7 | 18.2 | 0.24 (0.23 to 0.24) |
| Grouped body region | ||||||||
| Head/face/neck | 48159 | 20.6 | 20.7 | 0.29 (0.28 to 0.29) | 18350 | 21.6 | 23.7 | 0.31 (0.30 to 0.32) |
| Trunk | 29199 | 12.5 | 23.1 | 0.34 (0.33 to 0.35) | 9835 | 11.6 | 23.5 | 0.34 (0.33 to 0.35) |
| Upper extremity | 77389 | 33.1 | 9.4 | 0.12 (0.12 to 0.13) | 27833 | 32.8 | 10.9 | 0.14 (0.13 to 0.14) |
| Lower extremity | 57954 | 24.8 | 19.6 | 0.30 (0.30 to 0.31) | 20678 | 24.4 | 20.9 | 0.31 (0.30 to 0.32) |
| Multiple body regions | 170 | 0.1 | 18.8 | 0.26 (0.17 to 0.35) | 51 | 0.1 | 25.5 | 0.31 (0.15 to 0.47) |
| Unspecified body region | 1247 | 0.5 | 22.3 | 0.34 (0.30 to 0.38) | 376 | 0.4 | 22.1 | 0.30 (0.23 to 0.36) |
| Body region not relevant | 19403 | 8.3 | 45.5 | 0.65 (0.64 to 0.66) | 7754 | 9.1 | 41.6 | 0.56 (0.55 to 0.58) |
| Grouped injury type (first occurring) | ||||||||
| Superficial injury | 14875 | 6.4 | 22.6 | 0.33 (0.32 to 0.34) | 4659 | 5.5 | 27.7 | 0.37 (0.35 to 0.39) |
| Open wound | 35691 | 15.3 | 16.9 | 0.23 (0.22 to 0.23) | 12623 | 14.9 | 20.6 | 0.27 (0.26 to 0.28) |
| Fracture | 94258 | 40.4 | 17.3 | 0.26 (0.26 to 0.27) | 30714 | 36.2 | 18.5 | 0.27 (0.26 to 0.27) |
| Dislocation, sprain & strain | 13330 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.09) | 6755 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 0.09 (0.08 to 0.10) |
| Injury to nerves & spinal cord | 2559 | 1.1 | 8.6 | 0.11 (0.10 to 0.13) | 1147 | 1.4 | 11.1 | 0.14 (0.11 to 0.16) |
| Injury to blood vessels | 1096 | 0.5 | 15.0 | 0.19 (0.16 to 0.22) | 650 | 0.8 | 18.5 | 0.23 (0.19 to 0.28) |
| Injury to muscle & tendon | 10921 | 4.7 | 6.7 | 0.08 (0.08 to 0.09) | 5423 | 6.4 | 10.1 | 0.12 (0.11 to 0.13) |
| Crushing injury | 469 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 0.04 (0.02 to 0.06) | 166 | 0.2 | 4.2 | 0.05 (0.01 to 0.08) |
| Traumatic amputation | 1622 | 0.7 | 6.8 | 0.08 (0.06 to 0.10) | 747 | 0.9 | 7.9 | 0.09 (0.07 to 0.11) |
| Eye injury- excluding foreign body | 919 | 0.4 | 17.3 | 0.22 (0.19 to 0.26) | 308 | 0.4 | 19.5 | 0.23 (0.17 to 0.28) |
| Intracranial injury | 9355 | 4.0 | 28.1 | 0.42 (0.41 to 0.44) | 3385 | 4.0 | 30.6 | 0.44 (0.41 to 0.47) |
| Injury to internal organs | 2198 | 0.9 | 22.5 | 0.32 (0.29 to 0.35) | 1066 | 1.3 | 23.7 | 0.34 (0.29 to 0.38) |
| Foreign body | 3947 | 1.7 | 9.2 | 0.12 (0.10 to 0.13) | 1486 | 1.8 | 9.6 | 0.12 (0.10 to 0.14) |
| Burns | 3244 | 1.4 | 8.8 | 0.12 (0.10 to 0.14) | 1660 | 2.0 | 14.3 | 0.20 (0.17 to 0.22) |
| Other and unspecified injury | 19634 | 8.4 | 19.6 | 0.28 (0.27 to 0.29) | 6334 | 7.5 | 22.8 | 0.30 (0.29 to 0.32) |
| Systemic-poisoning/toxic effects | 17162 | 7.3 | 47.8 | 0.67 (0.66 to 0.68) | 6866 | 8.1 | 43.5 | 0.59 (0.57 to 0.60) |
| Other effects of external cause/complication | 2241 | 1.0 | 28.2 | 0.47 (0.43 to 0.50) | 888 | 1.0 | 26.7 | 0.40 (0.35 to 0.45) |
| Geographic region | ||||||||
| Metropolitan Area | 158595 | 67.9 | 18.9 | 0.28 (0.27 to 0.28) | 60151 | 70.9 | 19.7 | 0.27 (0.27 to 0.28) |
| Rural Area | 74918 | 32.1 | 19.2 | 0.27 (0.26 to 0.27) | 24405 | 28.8 | 22.1 | 0.29 (0.28 to 0.30) |
| Unknown | 8 | 0.0 | * | 0.25 (-0.07 to 0.57) | 321 | 0.4 | 34.6 | 0.42 (0.35 to 0.50) |
| Outcomes | ||||||||
| Patients requiring an ICU stay | 7000 | 3.0 | 45.1 | 0.78 (0.75 to 0.81) | 774 | 0.9 | 58.0 | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.10) |
| Mean ICU-LOS7 | 111.71 (98.16 to 125.27) | 85.37 (82.00 to 88.75) | ||||||
| Patients requiring MV use | 3300 | 1.4 | 44.5 | 0.73 (0.69 to 0.76) | 1136 | 1.6 | 60.2 | 0.96 (0.89 to 1.02) |
| Mean MV-LOS9 | 86.07 (73.76 to 98.37) | 75.23 (70.27 to 80.19) | ||||||
| Patients with at least one complication | 16277 | 7.0 | 48.8 | 0.85 (0.83 to 0.86) | 7879 | 9.3 | 43.3 | 0.73 (0.71 to 0.75) |
| Complications (median, IQR)11 | 2 (1 to 3) | 2 (1 to 3) | 0.86 (0.84 to 0.88) | 2 (1 to 3) | 2 (1 to 4) | 0.76 (0.74 to 0.78) | ||
| Complications (mean, 95% CI)11 | 2.79 (2.75 to 2.83) | 3.08 (3.02 to 3.14) | 2.60 (2.54 to 2.66) | 3.00 (2.91 to 3.10) | ||||
1. Index injury admissions to all public and private hospitals, limited to residents within the relevant state
2. Intersex/intermediate/unstated sex patient counts less than 5 added to the majority sex group to protect confidentiality
3. Worst injury method-ICD-based Injury Severity Score less than or equal to 0.941 considered as serious injury
4. ICISS–International Classification of Diseases based Injury Severity Scores
5. ICU–Intensive Care Unit
6 LOS–length of stay
7. Includes only patients requiring an ICU stay, excludes children
8. MV–mechanical ventilator
9. Includes only patients requiring an MV use, excludes children
10. Total patients = 161331 for Victoria
11. Includes only patients with at least one complication, excludes children
*Cell count 1–4 suppressed to protect confidentiality