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. 2020 Sep 11;15(9):e0237575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237575

Table 8. Mean digital features value of each features according to their clustering.

Demographic characteristics and BHK scores of children with dysgraphia corresponding to the 3 clusters.

Category Feature Cluster 1 (n = 13) Cluster 2 (n = 25) Cluster 3 (n = 24) p-value
Statics Space Between Words 1.3⋅103(3⋅102) 7.2⋅102(2.9⋅102) 1.4⋅103(6⋅102) <0.001
Median of Power Spectral of Tremor Freq. 3.2⋅10−3(1.5⋅10−4) 3.3⋅10−3(9.7⋅10−5) 3.3⋅10−3(1.2⋅10−4) 0.055
SD of Handwriting Density 1.7⋅102(73) 2.3⋅102(1.3⋅102) 2.5⋅102(1.2⋅102) 0.161
Kinematics Median of Power Spectral of Speed Freq. 1.4⋅10−3(1.6⋅10−4) 2.2⋅10−3(2.8⋅10−4) 1.9⋅10−3(2.8⋅10−4) <0.001
Distance to mean of Speed Freq 2.1⋅10−4(9.6⋅10−5) 7.7⋅10−4(3.5⋅10−4) 4.1⋅10−4(2.7⋅10−4) <0.001
In Air Time Ratio 5.3⋅10−1(7.8⋅10−2) 5.9⋅10−1(1.1⋅10−1) 6⋅10−1(1.4⋅10−1) 0.104
Pressure Mean Pressure 4.6⋅102(1.4⋅102) 3.2⋅102(1.1⋅102) 4.6⋅102(1.4⋅102) 0.001
Mean Speed of Pressure Change 3.1⋅10−1(1.3⋅10−1) 3.8⋅10−2(3.5⋅10−2) 6.5⋅10−2(5.6⋅10−2) <0.001
SD of speed of Pressure Change 28(7.5⋅10−1) 13(4⋅10−1) 20(5.1⋅10−1) <0.001
Tilt Median of Power Spectral of Tilt-y Freq 3.3⋅10−3(1.5⋅10−5) 3.3⋅10−3(3.1⋅10−5) 3.3⋅10−3(5.5⋅10−5) 0.001
Distance to Mean of Tilt-x Freq 2.3⋅10−4(3.3⋅10−5) 2.8⋅10−4(9.6⋅10−5) 6.3⋅10−4(1.9⋅10−4) <0.001
Bandwidth_tilt x Freq. 3.4⋅10−3(2.8⋅10−4) 3.5⋅10−3(3.8⋅10−4) 4.4⋅10−3(2.9⋅10−4) <0.001
Clinical description Grade 4.08 (0.86) 3.32 (1.18) 3.00 (0.93) 0.016
Gender (F/M) 8/5 4/21 6/18 0.016
Laterality (L/R) 0/13 1/24 4/20 0.212
Recruited in Specialized Clinic 0 25 24 <0.001
BHK handwriting quality Score -2.73 (0.65) -3.49 (1.25) -3.44 (1.41) 0.109
BHK handwriting speed Score 0.46 (1.16) -1.24 (1.00) -1.10 (0.91) <0.001

The clustering was done on the digital features only