Fig. 7.

Mechanism illustration of the engineered targeting exosomes for efficient delivery of siRNA into human cancer cells. The tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmid transfected HEK293T cells can secreted tumor targeting tLyp-1 exosomes. By electroporation technology, targeting tLyp-1 exosomes were loaded with siRNA. When targeting tLyp-1 exosome ruptured in cytoplasm, siRNA was loaded into the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The sense (passenger) strand was degraded while the antisense (guide) strand directs RISC to mRNA that has a complementary sequence, thereby resulting in the silence of target gene. The targeting tLyp-1 exosomes demonstrate highly transfection efficiency in NSCLC cells and highly SOX2 gene silencing ability in NSCLC stem cells.