Table 3.
Immune cell membrane-mediated NPs for tumor therapy.
| Cell type | Size (µm) | Loaded NPs | Targeting mechanism | Drug release mechanism | Pathological model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutrophils [182] | 10–12 | Liposomes (PTX) | Inflammation factors (IF) | IF induced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release | G422 glioma cancer cells |
| Monocytes [185] | ∼25 | PLGA (DOX) | Adhesion molecules | Enzyme degradation | Metastatic MCF-7 breast cancer cells |
| Macrophages [187] | ∼25 | Liposomes (Emtansine) | Adhesion molecules | pH-sensitive liposome destruction | Metastatic 4T1 breast tumor mode |
| Lymphocyte [193] | 6–12 | Lipid NPs (Interleukins) | Homing to tumor site | IF responsive drug release | Melanoma-specific Pmel-1 CD8+ T cells |
| Platelet [196] | 2–4 | a-PDL1 | Immune factors | Inflammatory factor-induced release of platelet-derived microparticles | Post-surgical tumor bearing |
| Dendritic cell [203] | 6–12 | PLGA (lysate protein antigens) | Immune recognition | Unclear | Ovarian cancer |